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the surface of large plains, has furnished us, in the order of Pachy- 
dermata, with the bones of eleven species : a rhinoceros, two hippo- 
potamuses, two tapii's, an elephant, and five mastodons. 
“ All these eleven species are at the present day absolutely strangers 
to the climates in which their bones are thus found. 
“ The five mastodons only can be considered as forming a genus 
distinct and unknown, but near to that of the elephant. 
“ All the others belong to genera at present still existing in the 
torrid zone. Three of these genera are only found in the ancient 
continent : the rhinoceros, the hippopotamus, and the elephant : the 
genus tapir exists only in the new. 
“ These species, belonging to known genera, sensibly differ, never- 
theless, from the known species, and ought to be considered as 
particular species, and not as mere varieties. 
“ This cannot be liable to the least contest, as to the small hippo- 
potamus and the gigantic tapir. 
It is also very certain, as to the fossil rhinoceros. As to the ele- 
phant and fossil tapir , it is less evident ; there are, however, more 
than sufficient reasons to convince the experienced anatomist. 
“ Lastly, the large hippopotomus is the only one of the eleven fossil 
quadrupeds, of which there are not pieces sufficient to enable us to say 
positively whether it differs or not from that which now exists. 
“ Of the eleven species, one only, the great mastodon (mammoth) 
had been known before my labours, as a lost animal : two others, the 
rhinoceros and elephant, had been well ascertained as to their genera ; 
but I am the first who gave, with exactness, their specific differences : 
seven, the small hippopotamus, the two. tapirs, and the four smallest- 
sized mastodons, were entirely unknown before my researches : lastly, 
the eleventh, the great hippopotamus, which remains as yet the sub- 
ject of some doubts.” 
When you add to these the eight pachydermata found by this accu- 
rate investigator in the gypsum quarries, you will doubtlessly rejoice 
