434 
Indostan, M. Chapotin says there are bears marked on the chest with 
an eye-like spot. 
The white polar bear (U. maximus) differs from all the rest in the 
form of its skull, which appears as if it were all of one piece ; and 
instead of rising higher than the face, appears, on the contrary, to be 
rather lower. The post-orbital apophyses of the frontal bones are 
short and obtuse, the temporal ridges hardly perceptible, and the zygo- 
matic arches stand much less out than in any of the preceding. The 
head is, in a word, more cylindrical, and more approaching in its form 
to that of the martin or polecat, than to that of the common bears. 
In every species of bear the number and form of the teeth are nearl\ 
similar. There are six incisors in each jaw. In the upper jaw the 
two outer ones are strong, pointed, and directed rather outwards, with 
a rising behind, which descends obliquely forwards, from without in- 
wards, and terminates so as to leave a slight notch on their inner bases. 
The four intermediate ones are a little pointed at their fore edge, and 
have behind a kind of spur, divided by a notch into two lobes. 
The two external incisors of the lower jaw are wide, but pointed, 
and with a lateral lobe, deeply separated, at the outer bases. The 
two next have their base carried more behind, more towards the inside 
of the mouth than all the others : they are ridged, and marked on 
their posterior slope with two grooves, which terminate in two 
notches, the outer one of which is deepest ; and the inner one is some- 
times wanting. The middle ones are the least, and have only one 
notch, a little more towards the outside than the middle. 
In the upper jaw there are three large grinders, and in the lower 
four ; before which there are, in both jaws, a variable number ot 
smaller ones. 
In the upper jaw, the hindmost is the largest; it is oblong, nar- 
rowest behind, with its crown irregularly wrinkled, tor wards, on 
its outer edge, it has one middling-sized and two large eminences : 
and, on the inner edge, three or four middling-sized eminences, which 
