466 
on the surface, only, are found the fossil remains of various 
land-animals ; but, no where have yet been discovered any 
fossil remains of man. 
IV. In some of the earlier strata, the entrochal limestone, the 
remains of animals are found, the cap and turban encrinite, Sec. 
but no similar fossils are seen in any of the succeeding superior 
strata, nor are any similar animals found in our present seas. 
V. Some species of fossil animals ('pentacrinitcej occur in the lias, 
and are not, I believe, seen in any of the succeeding superior 
strata, but a recent similar animal is found in our present seas. 
VI. Some fossil animals ( 'ammonites ) are first seen in the lias, and 
appear in most of the succeeding strata • but appear to have 
become extinct in the ocean which deposited the hard chalk. 
VII. Some fossils (, belemnitcej appear in the early strata, and are 
continued upwards to the soft chalk stratum, after which 
they are not seen. 
VIII. Some fossils ( oval ammonites, scaphitce, Sfc.J are not known in 
the early strata, but occur in the hard chalk, and are not 
seen afterwards : as if they had been created at a comparatively 
late period, and had been soon afterwards suffered to become 
extinct. 
IX. Some fossil shells (trigonitse) are found in the lias and in most 
of the succeeding strata, and sometimes, but very rarely, 
in the hard chalk. After this they are not seen in the re- 
maining superior strata, but of late years one species has been 
found in our present seas. This, however, requires some ex- 
planation. The trigonitce are shells differing materially from 
any others in the structure of the hinge, and obtain therefrom 
the most decided generic characters. Until lately no shell of 
this genus was known in a recent state : one, however, has 
been found by M. Peron, in the South Seas ; but this shell, 
although really of this genus, is of a different species from any 
