Genus— CAL AMANTHUS. 
Calamanthus Gould, Synops. Birds Austr., 
pt. iv., App., p. 4, April 1, 1838. 
Type, (by original designation) 
Praticolci Swainson, Classif. Birds., Vol. II., p. 
243, July 1837. Type (by monotypy) 
Not — 
Praticola Kaup, Skizz. Entwick Gesch. Nat. Syst., p. 114, 1829. 
Anthus fuliginosus 
Vigors and Horsfield. 
P. anthoides— A. fuliginosus 
Vigors and Horsfield. 
Small birds with flat heads, medium bills, short rounded wings, long rounded 
tails and long stout legs, and feet with long claws. 
The bill is about as long as the head, the culmen keeled, the tip decurved 
and posteriorly notched, a little expanded basally ; the nasal apertures are 
linear with a swollen operculum in a marked nasal groove ; a couple of bristles 
project over the nostrils, and three stout rictal bristles can be counted on 
each side; the lower mandible is stout, the rami extend about half the length, 
the anterior portion attenuate, the rami divergent posteriorly enclosing a 
triangular feathered space, the gonys a little upcurved. 
The wing is short and rounded, the third, fourth and fifth primaries 
subequal and longest, the sixth and seventh primaries slightly less but a little 
longer than the second, which is equalled by the eighth primary and the 
secondaries ; the first primary is short, about one-half the length of the third. 
The tail is about the length of the wing, of rounded shape. 
The legs are long, about twice the length of the culmen; anteriorly about 
seven regular scutes, posteriorly bilaminate ; claws long, hind-claw very long 
and little curved ; mid-toe longest, without claw as long as inner and outer 
toes with their claws which are subequal ; the hind-toe is stouter and with 
long claw longer than mid-toe and claw. 
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