BLACK- WINGED CROW-SHRIKE. 
fallen timber for worms, grubs and insects. They were shy, and on the least 
alarm flew off to a distance, uttering the loud piping call so familiar to those 
who have spent much of their time in the bush.” 
Probably this form intergrades with the preceding, but no evidence has 
yet been produced, and it is regarded as a representative species and not sub- 
species, and shows more variation in a limited range than the preceding does 
in an extensive range. 
Thus in my “ Reference List ” in 1912 I arranged 
Strepera melanoptera melanoptera Gould. 
South Australia. 
Strepera melanoptera halmaturina Mathews. 
“ Differs from S. m. melanoptera in its smaller size and darker coloration 
above ; wing 267-273 mm. ; type 290 mm. Kangaroo Island.” 
Kangaroo Island. 
Strepera melanoptera howei Mathews. 
“ Differs from S. m. melanoptera in its paler coloration above and below. 
Kow Plains, Victoria.” 
Victoria. 
\\ 
VOL, 
X. 
417 
