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Indiana University Studies 
(c) Trust. A trust is a legal obligation (private ante- 
cedent legal right in personam) created by law because one 
person holds the legal title to something for the use of an- 
other, either where there has been a conveyance, or a de- 
claration of trust, in this form, or where equity demands it. 
(d) Bailment. A bailment obligation is a legal obligation 
(private antecedent legal right in personam) created by law 
because of the rightful possession of chattels by one not the 
owner. The chief bailment obligations are an obligation to 
exercise diligence, varying with the bailment, in caring for the 
chattel, and an obligation to deliver the same to the person 
rightfully entitled to it. 
(e) Public Calling. A public calling obligation is a legal 
obligation (private antecedent legal right in personam) 
created by law because a business is affected with a public 
interest, generally because of virtual monopoly. The public 
calling obligations are the obligations to serve all of the class 
of service, with reasonably adequate facilities, without dis- 
crimination, and for reasonable compensation ; and an obliga- 
tion to exercise diligence of some sort. 
b. Remedies. Remedial obligations are preventive and 
redressive, and redressive obligations are restorative and com- 
pensatory. 
(b) Damages are a private remedial right in personam to 
compensation for the injury caused by the violation of a 
private antecedent legal duty in rem or in personam. This 
violation of duty is a legal wrong and is the result of a tort, 
or a breach of one of the legal obligations. The compensation 
is nominal where the purpose is simply to establish a legal 
right, and substantial where substitutive redress is given. 
Substantial damages are direct and consequential. Direct 
damages are substantial, compensatory damages for such 
immediate and proximate injuries as necessarily and in- 
variably result (general damages), and as result only in 
the particular instance (special damages), from a breach of 
contract or a tort. Consequential damages are substantial, 
compensatory (special) damages for such proximate injuries 
as are certain, and, tho not necessary and immediate, in con- 
tracts broken, may reasonably be supposed to have been in 
the contemplation of the parties at the time of making the 
contract as a probable result of the breach of it, and, in torts, 
