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Indiana University Studies 
The correlative of a power is no privilege. No privilege 
is the legal incapacity to do as one pleases, or the legal 
liability to have another create new legal capacities or 
liabilities for him. 
No privilege ... is the legal relation where one may be brought 
into new legal relations by the voluntary act of another. Corbin. 
For example. An offerer is legally liable to have the offeree 
create an agreement for him unless he meanwhile exercises 
his power of revocation, and if he has made an offer under 
seal, or for consideration, he has no power left in himself. A 
principal stands in the same situation to his agent, and an 
owner to one to whom he has given a power. 
D. Immunity. A legal immunity is the legal capacity (or 
ability) to be free from the legal power or control of another. 
An immunity is the legal relation where one has no legal power 
to affect at least one of the legal relations of another. Corbin. 
An immunity is one’s freedom from the legal power or control of 
another as regards some legal relation. Hohfeld. 
For example. One who has an option, one who is exempt 
from taxation, or execution, or one who has a contract whose 
obligation cannot be violated, has an immunity. 
The correlative of immunity is no power. No power is the 
legal liability not to be able, or legal incapacity, to create new 
legal capacities or legal liabilities for another. 
No power ... is the legal relation where by no voluntary act of 
his own one can extinguish an existing legal relation of another. Corbin. 
For example. One who has given an option ; a state which 
has given a person exemption from taxation, or which desires 
to violate the obligation of a contract. 
The above legal rights, privileges, powers, and immunities 
compose what is called substantive law, as distinguished from 
adjective law or legal procedure. Substantive law may be 
defined as the law of public and private antecedent and 
remedial legal rights, and of legal privileges, powers, and 
immunities. It includes all legal capacities and liabilities. 
E. Facts: Acquisition and Loss of Capacities and Lia- 
bilities. The means whereby persons acquire legal capacities 
and liabilities are called facts. Facts are either events or 
acts. 
An event is an occurrence which takes place independently of human 
will. Pound. 
