20 
Indiana University Studies 
sonality, or an external thing, or things. Personality is the 
object in the natural rights in rem. Things are the objects 
in the property rights in rem and in personam . The Roman 
law classified things as corporeal and incorporeal. The com- 
mon law classifies things as (1) land, or corporeal heredit- 
aments, (2) easements, franchises and rents, or incorporeal 
hereditaments, both objects of real property ownership, (3) 
chattels real (leaseholds and emblements), and (4) chattels 
personal, which in turn are classified as (a) corporeal, or in 
possession, and (b) incorporeal, or in action — all objects of 
personal property ownership. Corporeal chattels are also 
classified as animate and inanimate, and incorporeal chattels 
as debts, secured and unsecured, and various other intangible 
things. Since things are the objects of specific rights, to be 
considered hereafter, further discussion of them will be post- 
poned until such specific rights are discussed. 
3. Classification. The most general classification of rights 
is as public and private. These are classified as antecedent 
and remedial. Antecedent rights are classified as in rem 
and in personam. Remedial rights are all in personam. 
Rights in rem and in personam are still further classified. 
The following table shows this classification: 15 
A. Rights 
1. Public — Criminal law 
Constitutional law 
Administrative law 
Municipal corporations 
International law 
2. Private 
a. Antecedent rights (primary rights) 
(1) In rem 
(a) 
Personal safety 
(6) 
Society and control of family and dependents 
(c) 
Property 
(l 1 ) Real 
(2 1 ) Personal 
(d) 
Freedom of locomotion 
(«) 
Reputation 
(/) 
Immunity from fraud 
(9) 
Advantages open to community 
(h) 
Privacy 
15 Holland, Jurisprudence, 
160 et seq. 
