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Indiana University Studies 
United States. While little has been done in the United 
States to reform our system of organization of courts and to 
reform our legal procedure (“the etiquette of justice”), there 
has been much discussion of the subject, and many of the 
leading judges, practitioners, and law teachers have been 
endeavoring to get the people of the United States to do 
something. Among those who have taken this position of 
leadership may be mentioned Chief Justice Taft, Hon. Elihu 
Root, Dean Roscoe Pound, Dean John H. Wigmore, and Pro- 
fessor Edson R. Sunderland. The American Judicature So- 
ciety is an organization with headquarters in Chicago which 
for years has "been devoting itself to this enterprise. The 
American Bar Association and many state bar associations 
have advocated many specific reforms. Commissions to in- 
vestigate the subject and report have been appointed in many 
states. The American Law institute, composed of nearly a 
thousand of the leading law teachers, practitioners, and judges 
of the United States and heavily endowed, is now engaged 
upon a restatement of all the substantive common law, and 
may, before it is thru with its work, if a reform does not 
come in some other way, undertake to reform our legal pro- 
cedure. 
Because of our dual form of government it is going to be 
difficult to reform our judicial system so as to make it func- 
tion with the efficiency of the modern English judicial system. 
To reform the federal system and each of the various state 
systems separately will not accomplish what is desired in the 
way of abolition of multiplicity of suits. That can be accom- 
plished only by an amalgamation of all the state and federal 
courts into one system. This could easily be done, if political 
consent for such a change could be obtained, by so far as 
necessary turning the state trial courts into federal district 
courts and abolishing all other state courts, but no one ex- 
pects such a reform e TT ^ to be brought to pass. Hence this 
part of the reform may never be accomplished. 
The same problem is met with in connection with the reform 
of legal procedure. Here, also, the way of reform seems to 
lie in the direction of the modern English reform. But it is 
going to be difficult to get such a reform into both the federal 
courts and all of the state courts. Yet this is what ought 
to be done, and this may not be so difficult of accomplish- 
