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Indiana University Studies 
appears but sparsely: “Sturm und Drang,” p. 154; “Sturm- 
und Drangzeit,” p. Ill; “der stiirmische Drang,” p. 26; and 
“Sturm- und Drangmanner,” p. 168. On the other hand, 
“Genie” (p. 25 ff.), “Originalgenie” (pp. 81, .85 ff., 155-175), 
“Kraftmanner” (p. 84), “Geniedrang” (p. 133), “Original- 
kopfe,” “Originalcharakter,” etc., are rather more common. 
In Gervinus, 13 too, “Sturm und Drang” occurs occasionally. 
For example, he says: 
■ Weit der fruchtbarste und nachwirkendste unter diesen Dichtern, 
und der achte Vertreter dieser Zeit ist Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, 
. . . von dem wir schon Hauptzuge zur Charakteristik der Periode 
entlehnt haben, die von seinem Schauspiel “Sturm und Drang” sogar 
den Namen fuhrt (p. 659). 
He speaks also of Herder’s “Sturm- und Drangstil” (p. 576) 
and of “Sturm- und Drangsinn” (p. 655) . Yet far more com- 
mon are “Originalgenie” (p. 459 ff.), “Kraftgenie” (pp. 469, 
643), “Krafttragodie” (p. 651), and “Genialitat (p. 654: 
“Muller gehort wesentlich in die Reihe der Genialitaten dieser 
Zeit.”) It is clear, then, that for both Koberstein and Ger- 
vinus, “Sturm und Drang” is as yet by no means the standard 
designation. 
In Vilmar, 14 on the other hand, the term “Sturm und 
Drang” has already become quite current. To be sure, we 
find also “Periode der Originalgenies” (p. 384) and “Genie- 
periode” (p. 466), but “Sturm- und Drangperiode” (pp. 384 
and 466) shows a strong tendency to become the norm. For 
Scherer, 15 finally, “Sturm und Drang” is the fixed expression 
(p. 501 ff.) ; “Genieperiode” and “Originalgenies” he uses only 
incidentally as subsidiary words. 
In all these earlier writers, just as in their successors of 
recent years, one looks in vain for an attempt at a full, satis- 
factory explanation of the development of the term. Found 
in spasmodic use as early as Koberstein (1827), it gained 
preference very slowly and gradually over its rivals “Genie- 
13 Geschichte der deutschen Diohtung, 4. Band, 5. Auflage herausgegeben von Karl 
Bartsch, Leipzig, 1873. The first edition appeared in 1835-1842. Laube, too (vol. 3, 
1840), uses “Sturm- und Drangperiode” but prefers “Genieperiode” with reference to 
Goethe. 
14 Geschichte der deutschen National-Literatur, 22. Auflage, Marburg und Leipzig, 
1886. The first edition appeared in 1845. 
15 Geschichte der deutschen Literatur, 3. Auflage, Berlin, 1885. The first edition 
appeared in J883. The work of Franz Hirsch (1883) also uses the term regularly, 
but did not have the influence that Scherer’s work had. 
