IOWA ACADEMY OP SCIENCE 
161 
three feet till the bottom of the Kansan had been reached at, a depth of 
86 feet. Here at 33 feet were also found a rounded quartz and a sub- 
angular limestone pebble. 
Prom 33 feet to 49 feet the clay varied from a brownish clay to a light 
bluish clay and then to a grayish blue, with brown sand and gravel 
scattered through it, and Avith pebbles and boAvlders. At 47’ feet the sur- 
face of this grayish blue clay Avas of a darker shade ; at 48 feet there 
Avere patches of a dark blue clay 2x1 3-4x1 inch, grading outAvard into 
a lighter blue clay, thus forming pieces of a dark blue clay surrounded 
by zones of the gray clay Aveathered in from the streaks of, sand, the 
darker blue clay containing pebbles and scattered grains of sand, thus 
resembling in all respects except color the grayish blue clay and bluish 
gray clay above. In the next foot the bi^ces of dark blue AA-ere larger, 
the gray lying in distinct planes between the masses of dark blue. 
Prom 50 to 86 feet, the bottom of the clay that effervesced, the blue 
clay Avas dense, bluish black and dry (the unoxidized and unhydrated 
portion of the Kansan) Avith a fine broAvn sand in little pockets half an 
inch or so in diameter and with thin irregular bands similar to those along 
AA’hich the blue in the upper tAA^o feet is AA^eathered into the irregular 
masses. There AA^ere numerous pebbles, lime concretions and fragments 
of Avood. 
THE AFTONIAN, 25 FEET. 
Beginning AAuth 87 feet a part of the clay does not effervesce. In the 
next foot the effervescense is still less, and in the third foot (the 89th) 
the last lime concretion, one inch in diameter, appears. The clay is on 
the AA^hole a dark grayish blue, but grades back and forth from black to 
light blue. Minute root-like fragments of * vegetation are scattered 
through it, but no fragment of AA^ood AAms found. At 95 feet is a layer 
of moss and black dirt about an inch thick; a foot deeper is a similar 
layer. In these old soils Avere a feAV small pebbles of greenstone, black 
chert, quartz and limestone, to the last of AAhich the slight effeiwescence 
seemed to be due. The largest greenstone pebble Avas l-2xl-2xl-4 inch; 
the fragments of limestone AA^ere 1-2x5-16x5-16 inch and lx2x3-8xl-4 inch. 
‘In the next foot (97) there is another layer 1 1-2 inches thick of this old 
black soil and moss, and in the next foot tAA'-o inches more like an impure 
peat. BetAA-een these tAVO layers Avas an angular fragment of limestone 
lx5-8x3-8 inch. In the next nine feet, (to 106 feet) there AAm’e no peb- 
bles aud the grit Avas A^ery fine, the largest particle being a particle of 
greenstone 1-16 of an inch in diameter at 106 feet. 
