Kinsey: The Genus Neuroterus . 49 
so similar that these records must not be trusted too fully for 
the definition of faunal areas. Beutenmuller made this a 
synonym of niger, altho even the published descriptions show 
that the two are distinct. On the same page, however, he 
described variety papillosus as a distinct species, — -which is 
typical of the inconsistencies with which related things have 
been treated. 
Neuroterus (Dipiobius) saltatorius (Edwards) 
agamic forms 
Figures 2, 27-31 
FEMALE. — Cheeks rather narrow, eyes of moderate size; antenna 
with the third segment twice as long as the fourth; mesonotum and 
mesopleurse largely smooth; abdomen decidedly small, hardly larger 
than the thorax, triangulate, more or less distinctly produced dorsally; 
legs brownish piceous, yellow at the joints and on the tarsi; areolet 
quite small; cubitus indistinct or even discontinuous; the first abscissa 
rather ungulate; length 0.6-1. 5 mm. 
GALL. — Small, seed-like, attached to the under surface of a leaf. 
Monothalamous, easily separable. Each cell globose or short oval, up to 
1.2 mm. in diameter, smaller in most varieties, the surface microscop- 
ically roughened, in some varieties sparsely pubescent; greenish, becom- 
ing white and finally brown; with a fine point basally and sometimes a 
point apically, attached by the basal point to the blade of the leaf, often 
causing a break and a flaring rim of tissue on the leaf. Internally en- 
tirely hollow (at maturity). On white oaks except the chestnut oaks 
(figs. 27-31). 
EANGE. — North America, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, wher- 
ever white oaks occur. 
This tiny gall first attracted attention because it is made 
to jump several millimeters over the ground by the move- 
ments of a larva (gall-maker or parasite?) within the gall. 
These unusual activities have attracted several observers, and 
are the origin of a considerable body of literature, but it still 
rem.ains to examine the matter in detail ; most of the literature 
is a restatement of the original account of the movements. 
It may be questioned whether the jumping movements of 
these galls are due to activities of a cynipid or a parasite 
larva in the gall. Early observations were often made with- 
out distinguishing between these insects, and it will be a 
rather difficult matter to investigate. It is my experience 
that cynipid larvse of most species are not as active as those 
of parasitic hymenoptera. Such jumping activities are also 
4—25671 
