Plate XIII. 
Fig. 49. ZONARIA COLLARIS. 
Colour. Olive-green ; obscurely striped across. 
Substance. Membranaceous ; delicate. 
Character of Frond. A fan-like, circular expansion, lying flat on the rocks ; rooted from its 
under surface ; sending from its upper one, small saucer-shaped fronds, which in 
pressing become flat. 
Measurement. From 1 to 2 inches across. 
Fructification. Minute seeds {spores) scattered over the surface of the frond. 
Habitat. Jersey ; found by Miss Turner, lying among other algae on the sand in Granville 
Bay.” 
Dr. Harvey considers the fronds so found to be secondary ones, sprung from the 
primary Materfamilias, adherent to the rock. Zonarias differ from Padinas in the irregular 
distribution of their spores. In Zonaria, these are scattered; in Padina, grouped in lines 
or hands. (See Plate IX. Fig. 35.) But the genera are closely allied, and it is only for 
the artist’s convenience that they have been separated in this volume. 
Fig. 50. ZONARIA PARVULA. 
Colour. Olive-green ; paler in shallow water than in deep. 
Substance. Membranaceous ; somewhat transparent. 
Character of Frond. Flat; spreading over rocks in patches of roundish or oval outlines; 
rooted by fibrous hairs from its under surface, except towards the margins, which are 
free and divided into segments. Segments rounded, obscurely marked with lines. 
Measurement. From 1 to several inches in diameter. 
Fructification. Like that of Zonaria collaris; but it has not been observed in England. 
Habitat. Our coasts generally. On rocks and coralines between tide-marks, and in deep 
water. Not uncommon. 
Probably often overlooked from its hiding in crevices, &c. 
Fig. 51. PUNCTARIA TENUISSIMA. 
Colour, Pale green-olive wlien young ; brown when old. 
Substance. Delicately membranaceous ; very thin ; when young, transparent. 
Character of Frond. Very narrow, long, flat ; in tufts, forming a fringe on the fronds of various 
algae. Tapering at each end. Margins more or less toothed. 
Measurement. From 2 to 8 inches long ; from to J of an inch wide. 
Fructification. Unknown.. . 
Habitat. Our shores, here and there. On Chorda filunij &c. Not common. 
25 
For the other Punctarias see Plate XT. 
,E 
