Fig. 145. CHYLOCLADIA OYALIS. 
Colour. Properly dark-red ; discolouring green and brown as it grows old. Stems darker 
than the leaf-like branchlets. 
Substance. Stems succulent, but firm and elastic ; branchlets tender. 
Character of Frond. Slender, thread-shaped {filiform)^ solid stems ; bearing leaf-like, tubular 
branchlets ; tufted. Stems naked below ; once or twice forked above. Branchlets 
leaf-like ; more or less narrow-oval ; tapering at the base ; usually simple, but 
occasionally contracted as if jointed; clustered, or scattered ; often densely crowded. 
Measurement. From 2 to 10 inches long. 
Fructification. Of two kinds. 1. Clustered spoi^es in globose, unstalked (sessile) capsules; 
with a wide transparent border ; external on the branchlets : 2. Tetraspores im- 
bedded in the branchlets. 
Habitat. Southern and western shores of England and Ireland. Western Isles of Scotland. 
Within tide-marks. Local, therefore rare. 
Dr. Harvey describes it as luxuriant on the west coast of Ireland in the months of April 
and May, when its colour is good and its delicate branchlets in full perfection. But the plant 
is short-lived. “ Two months later,” he says, “ its aspect is completely changed ; great mul- 
titudes of the fronds have perished, and those that remain are faded in colour, with attenuated 
and more compound ramuli. By the end of August the plant has almost entirely disappeared.” 
Now Lomentaria ovalis, — Agardh’s name, not Dr. Harvey’s, who considers it a true 
Chylocladia. 
Fig. 146. CHYLOCLADIA KALIFORMIS. 
Colour. A fugitive pink, or purplish-red ; soon changing to greenish-yellow. 
Substance. Soft and somewhat gelatinous. 
Character of Frond. Cylindrical ; tubular ; constricted at intervals into long joints ; profusely 
branched. Stems undivided, tapering to each extremity ; the contractions at 
intervals of half an inch or more. Branches, springing from each joint-contraction ; 
opposite, or set all round the stem (whorled) ; of the same construction as the 
stem, only slenderer and more regularly contracted ; these contractions also furnished 
with sets of lesser branches and branchlets, all more or less distinctly jointed, and 
tapering at each end. 
Measurement From 4 to even 18 inches long. 
Fructification. Of two kinds. 1. Clustered spores in globose, unstalked (sessile) capsules^ 
with a transparent border ; external on the young branches. 2. Tetraspores im- 
bedded in the branchlets. 
Habitat. Southern and western shores of England ; west of Scotland ; Ireland generally. On 
rocks, &c. between tide-marks and in deeper water. Not uncommon. 
Now Lomentaria kaliformis. Variable in luxuriance and general appearance, but always 
retaining its cliaracteristic growth, more or less. For varieties see Plate XXXIV. Fig. 151 ; 
and Fig. 153 for another Chylocladia. 
64 
