Fig. 334. ENTEROMORPHA RAMULOSA. 
Colour. A full grass-green. 
Substance. Membranaceous, but harsb feeling ; the thorn-like branchlets bristling when the 
plant is lifted from the water. 
Character of Frond. Thread-like {filamentous) ; rather compressed than cylindrical ; tubular ; 
much branched, twisted, and interwoven ; when old, spreading in fleeces. Main stems 
long, wavy ; set with branches on every side ; spreading all ways ; all tapering to 
the tips. Branches re-branched; everywhere covered with very short, thorn -like, 
horizontal branchlets. All the tips finely pointed. 
Measurement. From 2 inches to a foot or two long. 
Fructification. As before. 
Habitat. Our coasts generally. On rocks between tide-marks. Not uncommon. 
Characteristic, really thorny specimens are very pretty, and easy to distinguish by their 
bristling crispness and full green hue. Dr. Harvey describes it as spreading widely in fleecy 
masses in its old age, and thus “ forming a comfortable cover for a variety of small Crustacea 
and shell-flsh, who, no doubt, feel it quite their own.” 
Fig. 335. ENTEROMORPHA HOPKIRKII. 
Colour. A pleasant light green. 
Substance. Membranaceous ; thin ; very soft. 
Character of Frond. Long tufts of ultra-fine-hair-like (byssoid!) cylindrical, tubular threads 
{filaments)^ excessively branched. Main divisions long, wavy, tapering to the tips. 
Branehes upright ; opposite or alternate ; repeatedly divided ; springing from all 
sides ; set profusely with minute cobwebby branchlets ; all the tips finely pointed. 
Measurement. From 6 to 12 inches long. 
Fructification. As before. 
Habitat. Carrickfergus. Goodington. Torbay. Dredged in from four to ten fathoms’ water. 
Rare. 
As delicate as the most delicate of the Cladophoras. Under the microscope, remarkable 
for the large size of the cells of which the frond is composed ; and that these are empty, all 
but a minute grain of bright green colouring matter (endochrome) in the middle. As the 
branchlets are formed of only one row of these cells, they appear to be jointed like those of a 
Cladophora, 
142 
