42 
Indiana University Studies 
Gall Structures in Agamic Cynips 
O = absent, — = poorly developed, + = distinct, H — f- = well developed. 
Sub genus 
Specific Stock 
Nutritive 
layer 
Protective 
layer 
Parenchyma 
layer 
Collenchyma 
layer 
Epidermal 
layer 
Cynips 
folii 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
0 
+ 
longiventris 
+ 
+ + 
+ + 
— 
+ 
divisa 
+ 
+ + 
+ + 
0 
+ 
agama 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
0 
+ 
distich a 
+ 
+ + 
+ + 
+ 
+ 
cornifex 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
+ 
Antron 
echinus 
+ 
+ 
— 
+ + 
+ 
guadaloupensis 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
+ 
+ 
teres 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
+ 
Besbicus 
multipunctata 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
maculosa 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
mirabilis 
+ 
+ 
+ ; + 
+ 
+ 
Philonix 
plumbea 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
— 
+ 
fulvicollis 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
— 
+ 
Atrusca 
dugesi 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
+ 
+ 
bella 
_L 
+ 
+ + 
+ 
+ 
cava 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
+ 
+ 
centricola 
+ 
+ 
+ + 
+ 
+ 
Acraspis 
arida 
— 
+ 
+ 
+ 4 
+ 
mellea 
— . 
+ 
+ 
— 
+ 
conica 
— 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
nubila 
— 
0 
0 
+ + 
+ + 
villosa 
— 
0 
0 
+ + 
+ + 
gemmula 
— 
0 
0 
+ + 
+ + 
pezomachoides 
— 
0 
0 
+ + 
+ + 
hirta 
0 
0 
+ + 
+ + 
Within each subgenus there is striking uniformity in the 
degree of development of each gall tissue. Thus, in the sub- 
genus Cynips the protective layer is unusually thick and the 
collenchyma layer is absent or poorly developed (except in 
the unique C. cornifex). In Antron all five layers are well 
