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Indiana University Studies 
GALL OF AGAMIC FORM. — Moderate sized to small, spherical or 
ellipsoid, in one species (cornifex) irregular horn- or club-shaped; largely 
smooth, entirely naked; filled with compacted, soft, and spongy fibers 
which show main fibers radiating from the centrally-placed larval cell; 
the spongy material considerable in the larger galls, reduced in smaller 
galls and very little in the smallest galls; the larval cell usually central, 
usually closely embedded in the spongy material, the cell inside a more or 
less distinct central cavity in two species (disticha and cornifex). At- 
tached singly on the veins, usually on the undersurfaces of the leaves, 
on European white oaks. 
GALL OF BISEXUAL FORM. — A seed-like or egg-shaped, pubes- 
cent cell in the adventitious buds on the trunks or younger stems of the 
oaks; or an irregularly constricted or subdivided cell on the leaves or 
in the buds; without a distinct larval cell; on the species of oak on 
which the corresponding agamic form occurs. 
FIG. 14. KNOWN RANGE, SUBGENUS CYNIPS 
Shading- and figures indicate number of species known from each area. 
RANGE. — Restricted to Europe, adjacent Asia Minor, and northern 
Africa; perhaps also represented further east in Asia (Fig. 14). 
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION.— Of Cyniys. Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. 
Nat. ed. 10, 1: 553. CYNIPS. Os maxillis absque proboscide. Aculeus 
spiralis, saepius reconditus. Translation: With a biting instead of a 
sucking mouth; the sting spiral, often hidden. 
Of Dryoyhanta. Forster, 1869, Verh. zoo.-bot. Ges. Wien 19: 335. 
Dryoyhanta m. Char. gen. — Kopf mit 5gliedrigem Kiefer und 3glied- 
rigen Lippentastern, Fiihler 13 — 14giiedrig, rauhhaarig, das 1. Glied 
der Geissel langer als das 2.; Mesonotum punktirt, mit niederliegenden 
