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Indiana University Studies 
E. signata Kaltenbach (acc. Adler-Straton 1894) . 
Habrocytus saxeseni (Ratzeburg) (acc. Ratzeburg 1848). Emerges 
the same autumn. 
Megastigmus dorsalis (Fabricius) (acc. Blosch 1903). 
Mesopolobus fasciiventris Westwood (== Pteromalus fasciculatus 
Walker) (acc. Wachtl 1876). Emerges in the same autumn (acc. Kieffer 
1901). Emerges the following March (acc. Wachtl 1876). 
Ormyrus punctiger Westwood. Emerges in June of the following 
year (acc. Mayr 1904). 
0. tubulosus Fonscolombe. Emerges in June or July of the follow- 
ing year (acc. Mayr 1904). 
Pteromalus incrassatus Ratzeburg (acc. Ratzeburg 1852) . Emerges 
in October and November of the same year, or April and May of the 
second year (acc. Mayr 1903). 
Syntomaspis cyanea (Boheman). Emerges the following spring 
(acc. Mayr 1874). Emerges in April (acc. Wachtl 1876). 
S. druparum (Boheman) ( = Torymus pubescens Forster) (acc. 
Adler-Straton 1894). Emerges the same autumn. 
S. lazulina Forster (Giraud 1877 acc. Dalla Torre 1898). Emerges 
the same autumn. 
Torymus abdominalis Boheman (= T. medius Forster). Emerges 
in August of the same autumn (acc. Ratzeburg 1848 and Mayr 1874). 
T. nigricornis Boheman (-T. regius Nees). Emerges in Septem- 
ber and October of the same year (acc. Mayr 1874). Emerges the fol- 
lowing March (acc. Wachtl 1876). 
T. sapphyrina (Boheman) (—Syntomaspis caudata Mayr) (acc. 
Adkin 1894). 
The well-known galls of this Central European variety 
appear in the middle of June, becoming mature by the end of 
August, at which time the adult insects are developed within 
the galls (acc. Rossig 1904). Rossig points out that in the 
first six weeks the larva attains a length of only 300 but 
that in the next two weeks it reaches a length of at least 2 mm. 
Emergence occurs from mid-October to early December. 
There are records for emergence in Austria in October (acc. 
Mayr 1884), in late October and early November in northern 
Germany (acc. Adler 1881), from November 10 to 22 in 
England (acc. Mayr-Fitch 1876), and in early December in 
Lorraine (acc. Kieffer 1901). The dates on my Danish ma- 
terial (Hoffmeyer coll.) are October 10, 12, 16, 19, 26, and 
30, and November 2, 3, 5, and 8. Reaumur (1737) and 
Schenck (1865) both recorded spring emergence, but the first 
record means little since there is internal evidence in the 
Memoires that Reaumur never distinguished the true gall 
makers from the inquilines which emerge in the spring; and 
