Kinsey : Gall Wasp Genus Cynips 163 
RANGE. — Denmark: Bromrne (Hoffmeyer; types). Strodam in 
Sjelland (hybrids; Hoffmeyer in Kinsey coll.). 
Finland: Lojo (hybrids; Forsius in Kinsey coll.). 
France: Buchy (Noury in Kinsey coll.). 
Probably in a more northern area, chiefly near the northern limit 
of oak in Europe. 
TYPES. — 35 females, no galls. Holotype and paratypes in the 
Kinsey collection; paratypes at the American Museum of Natural His- 
tory, the U.S. National Museum, the British Museum, and the Vienna 
Museum. Labelled Bromrne, Denmark; galls September 29, 1927; E. B. 
Hoffmeyer collector. 
Among- more than a thousand insects of the whole species 
divisa which I have from various localities in Denmark (all 
Hoffmeyer coll.), I find 35 specimens which are strikingly 
different from the Central European material in their much 
smaller size, nearly jet black color, more naked abdomens, 
and distinct wing venation. They indicate an hereditary 
development that has not been noted heretofore, as far as I 
can find, in divisa of more Central Europe. In this same 
material there are 178 specimens which are in one or more 
respects intermediate between typical divisa and atridivisa 
but close to atridivisa. I have only six insects of this species 
from Finland, all of which are similarly intermediates, but 
the occurrence of this same tendency in the Danish and 
Finnish material supports the idea that atridivisa is a distinct 
northern variety. This interpretation is also supported by 
the parallel occurrence of northern varieties of folii and 
longiventris. The single specimen of atridivisa and the single 
hybrid among the more than a hundred insects from north- 
western France suggests that the northern form may have 
been pushed southward, during the Pleistocene glaciation, to 
hybridize with the southern relative, just as we have ex- 
plained the hybrid Cynips in the United States (see pp. 55 to 
60). 
The data on the European insects are summarized in the 
following table. 
Finland 6 
insects, 0% divisa , 
100% 
hybrids, 
0% 
atridivisa 
Denmark 1035 
“ 79% “ 
17% 
U 
3.4% 
U 
No. France 106 
“ 98% “ 
1% 
U 
1% 
U 
Germany 17 
“ 100% “ 
0% 
u 
0% 
u 
The galls of our type series of atridivisa were not isolated 
from those of the typical divisa, from which they probably do 
