182 
Indiana University Studies 
theless, the disadvantages of monotypic genera have led me 
to place teres in Antron until the discovery of additional 
species may encourage a more detailed classification. 
The well-known agamic forms of four of the varieties of 
the species echinus are here united with the more recently 
discovered bisexual forms on admittedly circumstantial but 
considerable evidence. This is only the second set of life 
histories published for the Pacific Coast Cynipidae. Less 
certain is the suggested alternation of teres and Beuten- 
miiller’s pulchella. We have not recognized the bisexual form 
of any variety of guadaloupensis. 
Two of the varieties of teres are short- winged insects that 
offer convincing evidence of the very close relations that may 
exist between long-winged and nearly wingless Cynipidae. All 
three of the known varieties of guadaloupensis have shortened 
wings, altho the reduction is not as great as in teres. The 
wing mutations have undoubtedly occurred independently in 
the two species. 
Cynips (Antron) echinus Osten Sacken 
bisexual and agamic forms 
AGAMIC FEMALE. — Head slightly narrower than the thorax, 
thorax of normal size, dark rufous, piceous to black in places; mesono- 
tum finely shagreened and punctate; parapsidal grooves of moderate 
width, distinct and continuous; anterior parallel lines in part smooth; 
lateral lines not wide but distinct and long; scutellum dark rufous, 
rather finely rugose; abdomen dark rufous, in part piceous to entirely 
black; legs entirely rufous or darker; wings always long; the cubital 
cell with a rather large, smoky-brown patch near its base but without 
additional spotting; the discoidal cell with less definite patches or 
almost clear; length 1.5 to 3.5 mm. 
BISEXUAL FEMALE. — Head, thorax, and abdomen entirely black 
and piceous black, the antennae rich brown, in some varieties bright 
rufous yellow basally, the legs including all but the hind coxae bright 
rufous yellow; mesonotum entirely, prominently shagreened, nearly 
naked; anterior parallel lines entirely shagreened, hardly discernible; 
the lateral lines not smooth but more evident; scutellum more or less 
rugose; the mesopleura more nearly naked, smooth and shining; wings 
long, the cubital cell with an evident but not heavy, smoky patch near 
the base; the discoidal cell practically clear; length about that of the 
agamic female. 
MALE. — As described for the subgenus Antron. 
