Kinsey: Gall Wasp Genus Cynips 189 
tober (before October 4 at Kelseyville and October 16 at Di- 
ablo in 1925) ; and adults may be found in the galls soon 
afterwards. The pupal period is short, and for a time in 
October and November mature larvae, pupae, and immature 
adults may be obtained from a single collection. 
Adults, not yet fully pigmented, were in the galls at Kel- 
seyville on October 30, and on October 29 at Diablo in 1925. 
These adults do not begin emerging until the end of November 
(November 26 from Diablo material in 1925, and November 
28 acc. McCracken coll.), or after the first of December (De- 
cember 19-24 acc. Ashmead, and December 18-29 from Diablo 
material in 1922). Kelseyville material bred here at Bloom- 
ington, Indiana, emerged out-of-doors early in January (in 
1926), and a few of the insects emerged as late as Febru- 
ary 1 (in 1927). In the field the galls collected by the last 
of January (at Diablo) are usually empty of insects except 
for the parasites and inquilines which emerge at later dates. 
One very large collection made at Diablo as early as Decem- 
ber 18 (in 1922) was already empty of gall-making Cynipidae. 
The records of indoor breedings are usually later: January 
and February acc. McCracken, and January in my own expe- 
rience; but it should be noted again that increased tempera- 
tures appear to delay emergence in many Cynipidae. The 
succeeding generation, a form named lobata, appears with the 
bursting of the buds in March or April. 
In November the agamic galls fall to the ground either at- 
tached to or separated from the leaves, or the galls remain 
attached to the leaves which hang on the trees over winter. 
The galls on the ground are decayed soon after the first of 
the year, but good specimens may still be found on the trees 
in the spring (as late as March 7 at Paso Robles in 1920). 
Ashmead accredited this insect to Quereus Douglasii, but 
the fragments of leaves with the type galls are clearly those 
of Q. lobata. The Douglasii record is copied in most of the 
literature, altho two students (Fullaway and McCracken) 
who have known this variety in the field have pointed out that 
the white oak, Q. lobata, is the real host. Of the several thou- 
sand galls which Mr. F. A. Leach collected for me from a 
number of localities and at all seasons over a period of four 
years, practically every one came from Q. lobata ; but two 
meager collections, a total of 21 galls found in 1922 at Di- 
