238 
Indiana University Studies 
The gall of this species is one of the commonest and most 
attractive of the cynipid productions in the Pacific Northwest. 
There are at least two distinct varieties of the species, the 
galls of the two being indistinguishable altho the insects are 
readily separated. In spite of the many galls in our collec- 
tions, few adults of this species have ever been bred, and we 
shall have to study larger series of the insects before we can 
determine the exact ranges of the varieties. One of the 
varieties is clearly more northern than the other. 
The two varieties are probably similar in their life histories. 
The young galls appear early in July, becoming full-grown 
late in August. Weld records pupae in mid-September. 
Emergence occurs in October over at least the more northern 
parts of the range. None of the galls that I have examined 
contained adults after the first of November. Weld’s records 
of living adults in dry galls on November 10, January 13, and 
February 14, and his emergence record for April 1 may apply 
to more southern localities if they are not abnormal. The 
galls remain attached to the leaves as they fall to the ground, 
and they may be gathered in good condition thruout the next 
spring and even in the following summer. Small, flattened 
galls not more than 8.0 mm. in diameter and 5.0 mm. high 
are usually to be found on the same trees that bear the full- 
sized specimens, but the single adult I have from such galls 
appears identical with the normally large insect. I have no 
explanation for the stunted development of so many of the 
growths. 
There are very few, minor points of difference between the 
insects of Cynips mirabilis and Cynips maculosa (q.v.). The 
galls of the two species are very distinct, providing another 
instance of the importance of physiologic data in taxonomy. 
Cynips mirabilis variety leachii, new variety 
agamic form 
Figure 34, 215, 216, 223 
Cynips maculipennis err. det. McCracken and Egbert, 1922 (Mendocino 
Co. record only), Stanford Univ. Publ. 3 (1) : 19. Essig, 1926, Ins. 
Western No. Amer. : 807, fig. 675. 
Cynips mirabilis Kinsey, 1922 (part of Calif, records), Ind. Univ. Study 
53: 50. Weld, 1926 (part of Calif, records), Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 
68 (10) : 64. Essig, 1926, Ins. Western No. Amer. :807. 
