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Indiana University Studies 
GALL. — A rather elongate but still broadly egg-shaped cell with 
one end (the base) truncate, flat; reddish-brown and dark brown in 
color ; the surface all but microscopically smooth ; the cell wall thin, hard 
and brittle, occasionally with more than one layer (as several bud 
scales become involved in the gall) ; entirely empty, without a separate 
larval cell; up to 3.5 mm. in length. Buried inside otherwise unmodified 
buds, or deforming and dwarfing clusters of leaves which become slender 
and thread-like about the gall; on Quercus alba. Figure 231. 
RANGE. — Probably the same as that of the corresponding agamic 
form which occurs everywhere on Q. alba, from Massachusetts to Iowa 
and the Ohio River Valley (fig. 41). The bisexual form known definitely 
only from: 
Connecticut: Waterbury (Bassett, types). 
New York: state (acc. Beutenmiiller 1911). 
New Jersey: state (acc. Beutenmiiller 1911). 
Pennsylvania: state (acc. Beutenmiiller 1911). 
Indiana: Charlestown (E. W. Spieth in Kinsey collection). 
TYPES. — A holotype female, one paratype female, one male, and 
galls in the Philadelphia Academy. From Waterbury, Connecticut; Q. 
alba; Bassett collector. 
The present re-descriptions are based on my studies of all this type 
material, and on comparisons with my southern Indiana series of in- 
sects and galls. 
These bisexual insects have been previously known only 
from Bassett’s very scant collection and from Beutenmuller’s 
records for which I have not seen material. I have secured 
16 insects and numerous galls from southern Indiana by bag- 
ging large numbers of unopened buds of Q. alba in the early 
spring. By this method the bisexual form (bicolens) of Cynips 
pezomachoides erinacei is also likely to be obtained, but our 
present insect may be distinguished from bicolens by the char- 
acters given in this study. 
Bassett’s original description was introduced as follows: 
“The rapid Spring growth of thrifty young white oak shoots 
is sometimes suddenly checked by the appearance of this gall 
at their apex. The gall does not prevent the development of 
the leaves below it, but immediately surrounding its base half 
a dozen or more brown, thread-like bodies from three-fourths 
of an inch to an inch and a half in length appear. Occa- 
sionally two or more of these are narrowly strapped shape, 
and suggest that they are all undeveloped leaves. . . . The 
insect emerges from the apex of the cell, leaving it resembling 
an eggshell with the end removed.” 
