Lindsay: An Etymological Study 
11 
The symbols F-L in the third column after an English word 
indicate that it came into the English thru the French from 
the Latin. Latin in this case is the ultimate source language. 
The ultimate source language of any word in the list is the 
one whose symbol stands at the extreme right. Some words 
which have more than one meaning have also more than one 
etymological history. For instance, the word “arm"', when it 
means part of the body, is of native English origin; when 
used as a verb “to arm'\ it is of Latin origin and came into 
the English thru the French. Accordingly after it in the 
third column are the following symbols : 1,E ; 2, F-L. Hybrid 
words are labeled as such and their etymological history is 
also indicated, e.g., “fireplace” . . . Hybrid E and F-L-Gk. 
2. The Latin Word List. The purpose of the Latin word 
list is to present the Latin source words of the Latin deriva- 
tives among the 10,000 English words contained in Professor 
Thorndike’s Teacher's Word Booh, and so to present them 
that the importance of the contribution of each to the list of 
English words mentioned above and also the relation of each 
to Professor Lodge’s Vocabulary of High School Latin may 
readily be seen. The attainment of this purpose has been at- 
tempted by the following arrangement : 
Each page of the Latin list has been divided into seven 
vertical columns. In column one is each Latin source word. 
This is usually an ultimate source word. In quite a number 
of cases, however, the ultimate Latin source word was so very 
different in form from its English derivative or was in such 
rare use in Latin literature that it seemed best to place an 
intermediate Latin source word rather than the ultimate one 
in the first column. In all such cases the ultimate source word 
is placed in brackets immediately below the source word given. 
If the Latin source word is non-classical Latin, in other words, 
if it is not found in Harper's Latin Dictionary, it is enclosed 
in parentheses. If the word is not a native Latin word, but 
was brought into Latin from some other language, the fact 
is noted by putting this mark (f) before the word, e.g., 
t carrus. Here it should be noted that any word that came 
into Latin from the Greek is not included in the Latin list 
at all, but will be found in the Greek word list. Any word 
that does not occur in classical Latin literature but is known 
from inscriptions or the grammarians is marked (J), e.g., 
3—32704 
