Studies in American History 
33 
In the foregoing table the words “Enf and “Clear” refer 
to entrances and clearances at Amsterdam from American 
ports. Thus in 1783 there entered one vessel at Amsterdam 
from New England and four vessels cleared from Amsterdam 
for New England, etc. If now the total entrances per year at 
Amsterdam from America from the preceding table be set by 
the side of the total entrances per year at Rotterdam from 
America and the same be done for the clearances at the same 
places, one is enabled to ascertain the ratio that existed be- 
tween the number of ships from Amsterdam to the number 
of ships from Rotterdam that came to America. Likewise 
one will ascertain the ratio between the number of ships that 
entered at Amsterdam to the number of ships that entered at 
Rotterdam from America. The result will appear as follows : 
TABLE IV — Comparison of Number of Ships at Amsterdam and Rotterdam 
1783 
1784 
1785 
1786 
1787 
1788 
1789 
Total 
Entrances at Rotterdam from Amer- 
ica 
1 
4 
u 
1 
3 
Vz 
4 
16 
M 
5 
15 
11 
47 
M 
average 
Entrances at Amsterdam from Amer- 
ica , 
Ratio between Rotterdam and 
Amsterdam 
3 
3 
3 
Clearances Rotterdam from America 
Clearances Amsterdam from America 
Ratio between Rotterdam and Ams- 
terdam 
1 
15 
V 15 
3 
15 
Via 
4 
30 
Vr 
6 
32 
V 5 
10 
47 
Va 
24 
152 
Ve 
average 
5 
8 
It appears from the foregoing results that Amsterdam re- 
ceived from America between three and four times the num- 
ber of vessels that Rotterdam did, and that Amsterdam sent 
between five and seven times as many vessels to American 
ports as did Rotterdam. It will be observed that the ratio 
varies but slightly from year to year. It will be remembered 
that the figures upon which this ratio is based are not figures 
representing the actual number of ships between the United 
States and the Dutch ports but only those which the Pennsyl- 
vania Packet happened to record. This paper did not report 
all arrivals and departures, but it would in the course of a 
year fail to report the same percentage of arrivals from one 
