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Indiana University 
It is often contended that ‘‘Greater Portland”, including 
Westbrook and South Portland with Portland, has been se- 
curing more than her share of the state senators. Statistics 
show that “Greater Portland” with 70.7 per cent of the popu- 
lation of the county held (1901-1911) only 54.5 per cent of 
the senatorial representation, while under the direct primary 
(1913-1923) she has held 62.5 per cent of the senatorial rep- 
resentation, which is 8.2 per cent less than her population calls 
for. Is it fair to say, in the face of such facts, that the cities 
have an undue advantage in securing senatorial representa- 
tion, especially when it is recognized that on account of the 
constitutional limitation the cities are greatly under-repre- 
sented in the House? Portland has one representative in the 
House for each 10,000 people while many of the smaller towns 
have one for each 3,000. 
An examination of the places of residence of the thirty-one 
senators in the eighty-second legislature (1925) shows that 
the rural element and small municipalities dominated the sen- 
ate as well as the house, if numbers may be taken as a cri- 
terion.®" Only 9 of the 31 reside in municipalities of 10,000 
inhabitants, or over, with an aggregate population of 182,182 ; 
while 22 senators reside in municipalities of less than 10,000 
inhabitants, with an aggregate population of 68,341. Only 15 
senators reside in municipalities of 5,000 inhabitants or over, 
with an aggregate population of 224,228; while 16 (a major- 
ity of one) reside in municipalities of less than 5,000 inhabi- 
tants, with an aggregate population of only 26,295. 
It has been said that the distribution of offices is not a fair 
test, and that the real test comes when a candidate from the 
city runs in opposition to a candidate from the country. Ap- 
plying the test to the Republican primary of 1922 in the 8 
counties appearing in the above tables it is found that 12 
such contests were won by country candidates and only 6 by 
city candidates. The application of the test to both major 
parties in the primaries of 1924 shows that out of 33 con- 
tests between city and country candidates in the above coun- 
ties 16 were won by city candidates and 17 by country 
candidates.®® Limiting the survey to the 3 counties having 
the large cities, Androscoggin, Cumberland, and Penobscot, 
Maine, Legislative Manual, 1925. 
Official returns filed in the office of the secretary of state at Augusta. 
