Studies in American History 
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England and prevent her from interfering with Russian 
movements against Turkey. That the American claims could 
be adjusted by a treaty and by peaceful arbitration was not 
regarded as probable. The Russian minister, Catacazy, used 
methods at variance with diplomatic practice to defer or to 
prevent a peaceful adjustment with England. He did not 
hesitate to use the newspaper press to influence the public 
on questions pending before the government. A New York 
paper contained a remarkable Washington letter on “Russia 
and America”, which was at once attributed to him. Sub- 
sequently he attempted to prejudice and defeat the negotia- 
tions of the Anglo-American joint high commission and in 
the spring of 1871 after the Treaty of Washington had been 
signed, he continued his methods of interference to prevent 
the successful execution of its provisions, resulting in a re- 
quest for his recall, to which Russia Anally acceded, and 
which was followed by the recall of Curtin, the American 
minister at St. Petersburg.*® 
The new policy of Canada made her anxious to see a prompt 
settlement of all Anglo-American disputes which affected her 
interests or her future destiny.®^ She needed tranquility, and 
recognized that friendly relations between the United States 
and Great Britain would prove as beneficial to Canada as to 
the empire. In urging her to pass the acts necessary to give 
effect to the treaty, Earl Kimberley, secretary of state for the 
colonies, emphasized the advantages which she derived by the 
settlement of the questions “imperiling perhaps the peace of 
the whole empire”. Canada was not entirely satisfied, altho 
she emphatically disclaimed “the imputation of desiring to 
imperil the peace of the whole empire in order to force the 
American government to change its commercial policy”. She 
did not consider that, in the settlement of the Alabama claims, 
England had secured such advantages as would require her to 
make further concessions at the expense of Canada.** After 
Ne^v York Woi'ld, November 29, 1870 ; Senate Executive Documents, No, 5, 42-2, 
Vol. 1, December 7, 1871, 12 ; Fish to Curtin, ihid.. No. 110, November 16, 1871. 
Wheeling Intelligencer, January, 1872 ; Moore, International Laiv Digest, VI, 27. 
Neiv York Times, January 5 (“Gortchakoff on the Catacazy Trouble”), and January 
17 (‘‘Russian Complications with the United States on the Catacazy Business”), 1872; 
Nen) York Tribune, January 15, 1872. Desps. Rus., XXIV, No. 188, June, 1872, and 
No. 190, July 1, 1872. For the circumstances of Curtin’s recall, see Neiv Yook Times, 
January 29, 1872. 
Contempoi-ary Revieio, XXI (March, 1873). 
Messages, Despatches, and Minutes of the Privy Council relative to the Treaty of 
Washinjafton (Ottawa, 1872), (State Depaitment Pamphlets, No. 8486), Canada, No. 
444, Kimberley to Lord Lisgar (governor-general), June 17, 1871; No. 149, Lisgar to 
Kimberley, August 15, 1871. 
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