12 
BULLETIN OF THE LABORATORIES 
The strongest bone in the shoulder girdle is the coracoid^ which 
is expanded below and obliquely winged for a short distance, then 
is cylindrical and then curves inward, throwing off a flange-like 
process where the scapula is articulated, and ends in an articular 
surface against which the flattened upper part of the clavicle is 
pressed. From the lower angle of this surface a strong tendon 
passes to the process of the manubrium on that side. The clavicles 
are of the usual form, forming the merry-thought in connection with 
the anchylosed interclavicle. The scapula is united to both clavicle 
and coracoid and with the latter furnishes a glenoid surface for the 
humerus. Between these three bones, at their union, is a cavity, fora- 
men triosseum, permitting the passage of the tendon of the sub-cla- 
vius muscle. 
The anterior extremity is of moderate size. The humerus is 
long and is much expanded proximally where it is .33 in breadth. 
The radial crest is short and quite prominent. The ulnar tuberosity 
is v6ry large and outwardly presents a large triangular surface and 
within excludes two extensive fossae, divided by a strong septum, from 
the end of which a strong process is developed. The opposite or 
distal end of the humerus is less highly developed, but still shows a 
high degree of perfection of the spinous appendages. The trochlea, 
consisting of the radial and ulnar tubercles, are about as usual. The 
radial condyle is a small prominence directed forward at the base of 
the radius, while the ulnar condyle is a larger acute process, extending 
in the opposite direction. The radius, the smaller bone of the arm, 
is but slightly curved and measures 1.20 in length. The ulna curves 
considerably, proximally, so that the sigmoid cavity is quite oblique to 
the shaft, and the olecranon process is small and styloid. The carpus 
contains two bones which have the usual positions. The ulnar e is 
applied to the back side of the ulna and rotates upon its smooth articu- 
lar surface. The radiate caps the ulnar and is overlapped by the ra- 
dius in front. The three metacarpals are fused at the base. The 
first one can not be distinguished and its phalanx measures but .20. 
The second metacarpal is .65 long and is fused at both ends with the 
slender third metacarpal. The second digit consists of two phalanges, 
the first of which is .30 long and consists of two bars connected by a 
thin plate of bone, the second being a triangular plate . 1 5 long. The 
third digit consists of a styloid phalanx .20 long. (The two ossicles 
described by Schufeldt, in certain birds, as the cimeiform and the pen- 
tosteon, are not discoverable in any of the skeleta before me. 
