OF DENISON UNIVERSITY. 
33 
which never, or at least rarely, develops into a branch. JLhtdera 
Benzoin (5). — This shrub may have in the same axil either two 
ordinary leaf-buds, or a leaf-bud and a tiny branch, or two tiny branch- 
es. These branches bear a terminal leaf-bud and one or two axil- 
lary flower buds just beneath it, subtended by bracts. Juglans cinerea 
and J. 7 iigra produce from two to five buds in the same axil, which in 
the latter species are found closer together. In older trees one or 
more of these buds develop into the sterile catkins. 
2. Flowers. — Since flowers are also the morphological represen- 
tatives of branches, and hence of ordinary leaf-buds, a few species 
may be mentioned in this connection. 
A sort of intermediate condition between flowering branches and 
flowers are those in which the flower peduncle bears a single leaf-like 
bract. Lilium bulbiferum, to be described later, is such a case. 
Aristolochia Sipho (8) is another. The latter has three or four super- 
posed buds, of which the upper are the strongest. They are during 
the first season almost enclosed by the base of the petiole. The upper 
bud, sometimes the two upper buds, are leaf-buds, the remainder being 
flower- buds. All develop during the following season. The cases 
of Delphinium and Lythrufn have already been described. Lin- 
dera Benzoin sometimes belongs here. Lysimachia nummularia 
frequently shows small buds just beneath the flower peduncles, which, 
I suppose, occasionally develop into leaf-branches. Various foreign 
species of Loranthaceae are known to contain one or more vertical 
rows of superposed flowers in the axil of the same bract. The flow- 
ers, however, are all sessile in these cases. 
C. Other Morphological Equivalents of Branches or Buds. 
1. Thorns. — Gleditschia triacanthos also bears a superposed bud, 
developed in this case into a many spined branch or thorn. Each 
spine of this thorn is subtended by a small scale, representing a leaf. 
Below in the axil of the subtending leaf may be found three or more 
buds, also in superposition. The thorn is usually found removed 
quite a distance from the leaf axil to which it belongs. The place of 
the scale in this thorn is often supplied by the leaves themselves. 
2. Bulblets. — Lilium bulbiferum. — A peduncle, bearing a 
leafy bract and a flower, is here superposed to a bulblet immediately 
in the leaf axil. Thi^ bulb may have accessory collateral bulblets ou 
either side. 
