OF DENISON UNIVERSITY. 
1 1 
Should there be found errors of identification, as would be nat- 
ural where it has frequently been impossible to obtain reliable exam- 
ples of related forms, and in spite of obvious incompleteness, it is 
hoped that, in as much as most of the* forms described are figured, this 
catalogue may serve a good purpose in several ways. 
The Surface Geology of the southeastern part of Licking county, 
does not present any very striking points, but it may be interesting to 
notice a few of the salient features. The drainage is toward the south- 
east, the tributaries of the Licking river, constituting almost the only 
streams, except in Bowling Green township. The only large body of 
water is the reservoir in Union and Licking townships. 
Granville township furnishes numerous exposures of the Waverly 
rock, which here may be separated into an upper massive portion fur- 
nishing available freestone for foundations and construction below the 
water table and for coarse masonry, and the lowest shaly portion which 
is here and there interrupted by beds of freestone. The quarries are 
all in the hill tops and may be found in many parts of the township, 
everywhere, in fact, where the elevation is great enough. But few are 
worked more than needed for local consumption, but in the vicinity of 
Granville, especially in the hills lying north of the village, are several 
which are considerably developed. The best exposure in the township 
is midway between Granville and Newark and is formed by the ero- 
sion of Raccoon creek. The section at this place is atypical one and 
exposes all rocks found in the township, except a few feet above. 
About 150 feet is therefore the approximate vertical measure for the 
township. The upper courses are in places very fossiliferous, Creni- 
pecten Winchelli being a characteristic fossil. Below it is a layer of 
shale characterized by the plant Spirophytbn, and below this an 18-inch 
band of conglomerate. A few feet below the conglomerate is a dark 
shale, affording many lamellibranchs, Allorisma hannibalensis being 
abundant. The free-stone below is apt to be full of a species of Cam- 
erophoria and many other fossils. The lower shales are usually barren of 
other fossils than the stems of fucoids. At Spring Valley, a beautiful 
dell a half mile southwest of Granville, a good exposure of the shale 
may be seen which is, however, much surpassed at Moot’s Run, nearer 
to Alexandria. Union township lies almost wholly below the free 
stone, though several exposures of the .shale may be found along the 
streams. This shale is in many places highly concretionary, the nodu- 
les often containing plant or animal remains. At Moot’s run, some 
