NOTES FROM A JOURNEY TO NEPAL. 
87 
Chessapani pass festoon the trees ; and epiphytes arc abundant, chiefly 
the orchid Otochilus alba^ and^ Peperomia reflexa. Under the trees 
just at the pass occur the following, whose generic names in a large 
measure suggest a temperate flora : — Clematis grewiaeflora^ iHyperi^ 
cum patulufUy Boenninghausenia albiflora^ Galium Aparine^ Galium 
MollugOf Valeriana Hardwickii, Dipsacus inermis^ Gerber a macro- 
phylla, Myriactis nepalensis^ Swertia nervosa, Cuscuta reflexa, 
Cynoglossum furcatum, Strobilanthes glutinosus, Craniotome versi- 
color,^ and Calamintha umbrosa. 
The forest above Chitlong on Chindagiri begins with 'Quercus 
semecarpifolia, Rhododendron arboreum, Pyrus Pashia and Prunus 
Puddum. It continues over the crest, pines being absent, and down 
the steep slope to Thdnkot, Quercus glauca in the upper parts being 
very common. 
Under the trees we get bushes of Jasminum humile, Hypericum 
patulum, Berberis aristata, B. nepalensis, Buddleia macrostachya. 
Viburnum stellulatum, Randia tetrasperma, Neillia thyrsiflora, 
Embelia Rihes, dOid Eurya acuminata. We find climbers such as Vitis 
semicordata, Smilax prolifer a, Trachelospermum fragrans and 
Euonymus vaeans ; and sprawling bushes of Rubus acuminatus, Senecto 
scandens, and Asparagus racemosus; herbs as Ranunculus pennsyl- 
vanicus, Tkalictrum sp., Sanicula europaea, Pimpinella diversifolia, 
Heracleum sp., Galium sp., Dipsacus inermis, Valeriana Hardwickii, 
Senecio vdgans, Artemisia vulgaris, Cnicus Wallichii, Lactuca hastata, 
Lindenbergia grandiflofa, Dicliptera Roxburghiifiirardinia hetero- 
phylla, and Polygonal um. Viscum, articulatum was on the oak trees. 
A remark must be made in passing regarding Senecio scandens : 
my specimens exactly agree with Wallich^s S. flexuosus founded on 
material collected in Nepdl ,* and it may perhaps be a definable variety. 
The forest south of Chaqdagiri along the Pherphing-Tdmheh-khdni 
road has been very much cut over-; full grown trees ate rare in it ; 
but on the less acfcessilble slopes well above the road is better forest. 
In the Well cut-over forest Rhododendron drboreuM is plentiful on 
shady slopes mixed with polled trees of Quercus lanuginosa^ Pieris 
bvalifolia, Viburnum coriaceum and Rhus Wallichii. 
* On sunny slopes grass occurs plentifully With Anaphalis contort a 
and Phpllanikus parvifohus. Aechmanthera Wdllielit is in places 
very abundant. AlnuS nepaiensis, as a small tree, appears. Car pirns 
Mr. C. G. Rogers has called my attention to the low level at whith Quercus 
semecarpifotid Here appears. Looking up my records I find that 1 found it once 
three marches from 'Simla at 8,000 feet. Sir Henry Collett (Flora Simlensts, iQOi* 
P* 474) gives it 3 lower limit as. 8,500 feet : and Mr. Rogers finds the limit to be much 
higher in Jaunsar. 
