16 ^ 
THE VEGETATION OF THE ZEMU 
'warensisj Stellaria decumbenSf Stracheya, Guldens tcedtia^ Astra^ 
gtilus, Oa^ytrofis, Saxifraga flagellaris, and its allies, white crusts 
of Antennaria muscoides, Anayhalis xylorhizay many species of 
Saussurea and Artemisia^ Campanula, Cyananthus, Androsace 
Selago, Lancea tiheticoj the tiny sweet-smelling form of Elsholtzia 
eriostachya, Urtica and Mici‘ogynceceum near the Yak-doks, Allium, 
The plants of the screes, sheltered from the wind by huge 
boi^lders attained sometimes a foot in height but the scanty water 
supply precluded everything but a few types. In addition to the 
junipers and dwarf rhododendrons the most prominent were 
Anemone, Callianthemum, Draba, Saxifraga, Sedum, Trigonotis, 
Onosma, Swertia multicaulis, Picrorhiza, Eriophyton, Polygonum 
tortuosum. Allium. 
On the higher cliffs the prevalent plants were Meconopsis horri- 
dula, Draba, Braya. Thlaspi, Cochlearia, ,Potentilla microphylla, 
and P. fruticosa]^^iih. their varieties, Saxifraga imhricata, S. ramu- 
losa, S. saginovdes, Cortia, Allardia, woolly Saussurece, Primula 
muscoides, Androsace Selago, Myosotis HooJceri, Veronica lanugi- 
nosa, Polygonum nummulari folium, P. Hookeri, Rheum nobile, R. 
spiciforme. As will be seen from the concluding lists the flora 
has a strong admixture of West Himalayan and Tibetan species. 
The Llonakh in climate and vegetation has much more affinity with 
Tibet than Sikkim. The flora of Thango and Kangralamo has 
very much the same western and northern * facies ’ but the area is 
narrower, more sheltered and more humid than the open Llonakh 
flats. The following species of West Himalayan and Tibetan plants 
were found on the tour, and are we believe additions to the list of 
Sikkim plants : — = 
Thalictrum tsangensie. Ranunculus aquatilis, Isopyrum mic- 
Tophyllum, Corydalis Render sonii, C. Hoolceri, C'. mucronifera, 
Braya tihetica, Dilophia salsa, Capsella Thomsoni, Viola kunawa- 
rensis, Arenaria Littledalei, Arenaria densissima, Oxytropis tata- 
rica, Oxytropis sulphur ea. Spiraea wlicina, Coluria longifolia. Hip- 
puris vulgaris, Callitriche verna, Lonicera rupicola, Loni- 
cera spinosa, Saussurea Stella, Primula tihetica, Androsace 
Chamcejaeme var. coronata, Glattx maritima, Microula Benthami 
Pedicularis Oedcri, Pedicularvs rJUnanthoides , Pedicularis alas- 
chanica, Dracocephalum heterophyllum, Plantago tibetica. Polygo- 
num tortuosum. Rheum spiciforme, Hvppophce rhamnoides, Urtica 
hyperhorea,. Urtica dioica, Stipa purpurea. 
A considerable number of new* species were found including 
four interesting saxHrages. Th^se new species are described in the 
list appended to this paper. 
