456 RECORDS OF THE BOTANICAL SURVEY OF INDIA. 
■■■ 1, 1 1 _ - 
The Oriental geography of Eben Haukal. Translated by Sir 
Williams Onsley. London, 1800. 
1153 A.l>, — Idrisi. — Born at Ceuta he made his studies at Cordova. Ho 
wrote a geographical work entitled : Pleasures of Travelling. His 
writings arc fuO of botanical observations on Europe, Africa, Arabia, 
the Orient and even the further east (in the year 1153). 
The Geographical Society of Paris published a translation of the 
whole work : 
Geographic d’Edrisi, traduite de PArabe en Franyais d’apres 
deux manuscrits de la biblioth^ue du roi, et afccompagnee de notes 
par P. Amedee Jaubert. Paris, torn. I, 1836, II, 1840. 
Also under the title: Kecuil de voyages, et de memoires public 
par la Societe de Geographic. Tom,e V et VI. 
1?516 A.IL — Abul Abbas Anuabati. — A botanist of Sevilla. In 1216 he 
came to Alexandria. Travelled in Egypt, Arabia, Syria, Mesopotamia 
and Persia. Gave the distribution of the plants founu in this area 
and of rare plants the precise localities, so that future explorers might 
find it again He "wrote a “ book of travels.” 
Died 1^48. — Ibii Baithar or Ebn-al-Beitar. — He was born at Malaga 
and travelled in search of plants in Tunis, Egypt, Greece, Syria 
Medina and Mosul. He died at Daniascus in 1248. He is said to have 
described no plant that he had not seen, and those he described 
amounted to about 1,400, as against Pliny’s 1,000. 
His works were edited,- though not quite satisfactorily, by Jos. 
Sontheimer in 2 vols. Stuttgart, 1840 and 1842. 
1303-131f1i. — Ibu Batuta> — Born at Tanger in 1303 he started travelling 
at the age of 22. He visited Mecca, was in Yemen, Dafar and Oman, 
and went as far as tndia and China, and southwards to the Sudan. 
Of botanical information he has given little, though there are a few 
exceptions. He died in 1377. An English translation of an extract 
from Samuel Lee’s work appeared in London in 1829. 
The complete original manuscript with a French translation 
appeared in the Collection d’ouvrages Orientaux, published by the 
Societe Asiatique, under the title : 
Voyages d’Ibn Batouta, texte arabe accompagne d’une traduc- 
tion par C. Defremerie et le Dr. B. E. Sanguinetti. Paris, 1853-59. 
A recent translation was made by Gibb : Ibn Battuta. — Travels 
in Asia and Africa, 1325-1354. Translated and selajted by H. A. K. 
Gibb. London, 1929. 
Died 1331. — Abu-l-Fida was one of the best-informed and most reliable 
geographers of the Arabs. He describes Ared and Jabal Shammar^ 
