THE BOTANICAL EXPLORATION OF ARABIA. 
469 
Explored many valleys and took botanical notes. Finally he was 
suspected as an English spy and forced to return to Makalla. 
Capt. Haiues of the ‘ Paliiiurus ’ obtained a brief report from 
Wrede and communicated it to the Royal Geogr. Soc. (1844) 107. 
Karl Ritter wlio was just finishing the Arabian volumes of his 
' Description of Asia ’ welcomed Wrede’ s report as an immense 
gain to knowledge. 
Wrede did not publish anything, but emigrated to Texas, where 
he is said to have killed himself about 1860. 
Later on Baron Heinrich von Maltzan published Wrede’s journal 
in full with a map and a vindicatory preface. The map was re- 
issued in a revised form in 1872, in Petermann’s ' Mitteilungen 
Wrede, A. von. — Reise in Hadhramut, etc., edited by H. Freilierr 
V. Haltzan. Brunswick, 1870. 
Wrede, A. von. — Ueber die Heimat des Weihrauches. Monatsber. 
Verb. -Ges, f. Erdkunde IX (1852-53) 38. 
Fresnel, F. — ^Note sur le voyage de M. de Wrede dans la vallee 
de Doan. 1845. 
1845. — Malcolmson. — Account of Aden. Journ. Roy. As. Soc. Great 
Br. and Irek no. 16, part I (1845) 279-292. 
1845. — Wallin, liieorge Augustus. — A Swedish Arabist. Was commis- 
sioned by Mehemet Ali to make a report on the rising power of Jabal 
Shammar (1845). Disguised as a learned Moslem sheikh he passed 
the northern Nefud from Jauf to Hail and visited Medina. The 
report of his experiences on this first journey was long delayed. It 
was read to the Roy. Geogr. Soc. in 1852 (XXIV, p. 115). 
Wallin returned to Cairo and in 1848 he journeyed anew to 
Arabia, setting out from Mueyhi, on the Red Sea coast. He reached 
•the Oasis of Teima, on the frontier of the Shammar dominion, 
and went to Hail and Meshed Ali. Then he returned to Europe 
via Baghdad. He died in Finland after four years (1852) as pro- 
fessor at the University of Helsingfors. He was a scientific explorer 
of the best modern type. His papers are full of botanical informa- 
tion. 
The narrative of the second journey was published in the Journal 
of the Roy. Geogr. Soc. XX (1850) 293. 
Boissicr, Picrrc-lhlniond (1810-1881).- — Botanist and traveller. 
He was born at Geneva. He \vas the author of many books on syste- 
matic botany and plant-geography. He travelled vastly in the 
Mediterranean region and in the Orient. In 1846 he visited Egvpt 
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