THE farmer’s manual. 
109 
ing. Such trees as have already come to maturity for 
field setting, may be removed to the best advantage 
in this month, for three important reasons, viz. 
1. The farmer generally has more leisure time, 
than in April. 
2. If the trees are taken up when the top of the 
ground is slightly frozen, so as to hold the earth about 
the roots of the trees, they will be sure to livi‘. 
3. In setting, be sure not to plant your trees be- 
low the rich mould; fill in with the richest of the 
mould, and give a top dressing. With this, they will 
be more sure than when set in the spring. 
Now is the time to form your orchards to the best 
advantage ; therefore, never sufl'er your trees to begin 
to head short of six feet, and even ten would be bet- 
ter than six ; this would admit the sun and air, to 
warm and fertilize the ground under your trees, which 
will not only cause them to yield more, and better 
fruit, but enable you to obtain about as much grass 
under the trees, as in the open air; and in dry sea- 
sons, you may obtain more. This culture will also 
repay double for manuring, both in the products of 
the orchard, and the hay. 
Slock. 
Your fences are all in such repair, that neither 
your own, nor your neighbour’s hogs, sheep, or cat- 
tle, can take advantage of an open winter to feed on 
your mowing grounds, or your winter grain, or injure 
your crops in the spring, before the frost is gone suflfi- 
cienily for you to repair your fences. This is an ar- 
ticle of the first importance, and which no carefuf 
farmer will neglect. 
Your carts, harrows and ploughs, together with all 
the imiilements of the summer’s tillage, are securely 
houseci. Your wood-house is well stored with wood 
kept over the summer, to last you until the season of 
good sledding arrives. You have plied your hogs, 
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