THE farmer’s manual. 
186 
cuived, and our surprise need not be great, that exu- 
dation is not suspected to be the cause. In the sea- 
son when I remarked the honey-dew upon the ever- 
green oak, in globules, this tree bore two sorts of 
leaves ; the old ones, of a close tissue, like those of the 
holly, or those trees which, on the approach of win- 
ter, do not shed their leaves ; and (he new ones, 
which were yet tender, and which had shot forth only 
a short time. The honey-dew appeared constantly 
only on the leaves of the year old ; the leaves were, 
however, still covered with the tufts of the new 
shoots, and consequently sheltered from all species 
of rime, ordrisling rain, which might have fallen upon 
them ; this is a convincing proof, that the honey-dew 
is not foreign to the leaves on which it is found, and 
that it never appears in any other place, as the 
new shoots of our cvcr-grcen oaks, which ought to 
have been touched the first, as being the most expos- 
ed, did not exhibit the smallest drop. The same sin- 
gularity struck me in regard to the honey-dew of th?. 
bramble, although, by the conformation of this shrub, 
all its leaves are exposed nearly alike to the air, or 
to the dew, which should fall in a vertical direction. 
The honey-dew appeared only upon the old leaves, 
the new ones had not a greater quantity than the new 
shoot of the oak, whicn has just been mentioned. 
It is probably only the long exposure to the air, per- 
haps to its intemperature, and especially to the sun, 
which ought to be regarded as the true agent of this 
secretion. To elucidate this subject still further, the 
plants or shrubs of different species in the vicinity of 
which the honey-dews appear, and of a nature less 
suitable to the formation of the juice of which 1 am 
now speaking, do not carry the least vestige of it. 
This honey never appears on the rocks, or stones, un- 
der the trees on which it is found, which is a fresh 
proof, that this species of liquid manna does not fall 
from the air like rain, as it would then diffuse itself 
on all bodies indifferently, and would not appear sole- 
