North American Lizards. 
33 
arising close by the sides of the ureters and extending forward 
median to the ureters, and ending blindly at a point about the mid- 
dle of the kidneys. Owing to the fact that I had only one specimen, 
I could not say wjiether this character was constant or just an indi- 
vidual variation. These would seem to be the remains of the old 
embryonic Wolffian duct. 
7. Cnemidophorus gularis. 
(a) male. (PL IV., Pig. 14.) 
The testes (T.) are small round bodies lying close to the wall of 
the body cavity. They are almost, but not exactly, symmetrically 
placed, the right one being slightly anterior to the left, and are held 
in place by two folds of peritoneum which are attached to the dorsal 
wall of the abdominal cavity. 
The spermaducts (Vd.) arise from collecting tubules which come 
out from the middle of the dorsal side of the testes. The sperma- 
ducts then wind from side to side in short waves back to their pos- 
terior openings into the cloaca. These bends are held in place by 
a strip of connective tissue, which together with the waves of the 
spermaduct forms a narrow ribbon which extends from the testicles 
back to the urogenital openings, which are found on two small 
papillae on the dorsal wall of the claoca. Just before the sperma- 
ducts open out into the cloaca, they expand into two small seminal 
vesicles. 
The ureters (Ur.) are small tubes which run over the ventral 
portion of the narrow ends of the kidneys, giving off occasional 
branches, and finally enter a notch in the anterior portion of each 
kidney and immediately branch out into numerous forks. They join 
with the corresponding spermaducts and open with the latter through 
the same openings (G. ap.) into the cloaca. 
The kidneys (K.) of Cnemidophorus are especially interesting. 
They are club-shaped organs lying close to the dorsal wall of the body 
cavity. Their anterior ends are large and thick. They rapidly at- 
tenuate at a point about halfway between their anterior and posterior 
ends, and continue back to a point about even with the openings of 
the ureters and spermaducts into the cloaca. Thus the kidneys lie 
entirely in front of the anus. The anterior large ends are not divided 
into lobes, but small lobules can be seen scattered over the surface. 
The narrow posterior ends are very thin and in some places consist 
in the main simply of connective tissue. Along the median edges 
of the kidney these splotches of connective tissue make it assume a 
peculiar segmented appearance. In each bar of kidney substance 
there seems to be a single collecting tubule wound into a knot. The 
kidneys terminate posteriorly in a strip of connective tissue. 
3 
