42 
dations on this tree, principally by feeding upon 
the bloom buds, and perforating’ the young apple 
and its stalk, which causes it to drop off, and w'hen 
there is no fruit it will attack the leaves. These 
depredators continue their pursuit till about the 
latter end of June, as above, and with the aid of 
the two former species of Caterpillar, it is not 
uncommon for whole crops, or nearly so, to be 
destroyed. It is often erroneously supposed that 
the failure of the crops of Apples, Pears, Plums, 
and Cherries is caused by frost, when in reality 
these insects ai'e the cause ; although I allow that 
severe springs often prove fatal to fruit crops, when 
the cold happens to be severe at the time when 
the bloom is expanding, or even before or some- 
times after the fruit is set or has shed its bloom. 
The destruction of the two former kind 
of caterpillars will be best accomplished by apply- 
ing the mixture (No. 3), twice about the latter end 
of August, or not later than the beginning of Sep- 
tember, before the larvee enter their winter resi- 
dence ; previous to the application, it would be 
more effectual to gather off all the infested leaves, 
(which will be readily discovered by attending to 
the foregoing’ description), and burn them. The 
mixture (No. 5) may be used to much advantage 
a little after the envelopement of the brotherhood 
of flowers has burst, or more properly, perhaps, 
when the brotherhood are dividing one from an- 
other, before the bloom begins to expand, and 
again after the fruit is w'ell set, or in other words. 
