from strokes of the hammer in nailing', from pinch- 
ing the shoots by nailing the shreds too tight, or 
by driving the nails too close to the branches. It 
may also be occasioned by leaving the footstalks of 
the fruit, or by pruning in summer, and cutting 
the shoots too short, and by fnjuries sustained by 
a careless application of the ladder in nailing and 
gathering the fruit, &c. ; but it particularly origi- 
nates when large limbs have been lopped or broken 
off. This disease may be known before the Gum 
itself makes its appearance. The bark at first 
becomes of a brownish colour, which gradually 
grows darker, till at last the Gum begins to ooze 
out like little blisters. As soon as any of these 
symptoms are observed, the infested part should 
be cut out with a sharp instrument, and the compo- 
sition and powder applied immediately ; you must 
observe to cut out the Gum perfectly clean ; you 
will see it oozing out from the wood and bark. 
This must be followed till you come to white 
wood or bark. If afterwards any Gum should 
make its appearance it must be scraped off which 
is best done when it is moistened with rain, as 
you can then scrape it off easily, without hurting 
the bark. This must be done without delay, other- 
wise the disease will rapidly advance. 
Wounds in Trees. — So much has been 
said and done about curing decaying and acci- 
dental wounds of trees, that it appears useless 
for me to advance any thing on that subject. 
