Sept, 1913 
CAI.IFORNIA FORMS OF PIPILO MACULATUS 
173 
Specimens examined from the following localities. Tulare County: Trout 
Creek. Inyo County: Lone Pine; Independence; Kearsarge Pass; Carroll 
Creek; Cottonwood Creek. Placer County: Dutch Flat; Blue Canyon. Stanis- 
laus County: Modesto. San Joaquin County: Tracy; Tracy Lake. ^Solano 
County: Vacaville. Sacramento County: Sacramento. Amador County: 
Carbondale. Yolo County: Grand Island. Sutter County: Marysville Buttes. 
Butte County: Oroville. Tehama County: Tehama. Shasta County: Tower 
House; McCloud River near Baird. Siskiyou County: Callahan; Summerville. 
Total number of specimens, 66. 
Remarks . — The range of this subspecies in California practically corresponds 
with that ascribed by Ridgway {1901, p. 416) to mcgalonyx as distinguished by 
him from atratns in the southern part of the state. The name megalonyx has 
since been determined to apply to the southern subspecies, and at least one 
writer (Goldman, 1908, p. 205) has used the name montanus for the form here 
called falcinellus, in recognition of its evident difference from typical megalonyx. 
From montanus, however, it is much more widely separated, and I have seen 
no California specimens of this or any other form of Pipilo maculatns which 
bear close resemblance to that race. 
Pipilo maculatus curtatus Grinnell. Nevada TowhEE. 
Type Locality. — Pine Forest Mountains, Humboldt County, Nevada. 
Distinguishing Characters . — The palest colored of the California races of 
Pipilo maculatns. Besides the general pale coloration and greater extent of 
white markings, it differs from megalonyx in much shorter hind-toe-and-claw. 
From P. m. montanus, to the southward and eastward in Arizona, it differs in 
slightly darker coloration, shorter wing and much shorter tail. From P. ni. 
arcticus it differs in darker colors and slightly longer tail and hind-toe-and-claw. 
Range. — Known to occur m California only in the extreme northeastern 
corner of the state (the Warner Mountain region), possibly in certain of the 
desert mountain ranges (Panamint, Inyo, and White mountains), and in win- 
ter in the valley of the Colorado River. Also found in northern Nevada and 
eastern Oregon (Grinnell, 1911, p. 310). 
Specimens examined from the following localities. Colorado River; 5 
miles south of Needles; Chemehuevis Valley; Riverside Mountain; Fort Yuma 
(collection of A. B. Howell). Warner Mountains: Sugar Hill, Dry Creek. 
Total number of specimens, 7. 
Remarks. — In the Sixteenth Supplement to the A. O. U. Check-List ( 1912, 
p. 386) this subspecies is denied recognition, as being inseparable from P. m. 
arcticus. As according to the range ascribed to arcticus in the Check-List (1910, 
p. 279) the latter does not approach Nevada or California in the breeding season 
any nearer than southern Alberta and southcentral Montana, this does not seem 
to have been a very logical conclusion to reach. The area inhabited by curtatus 
is included in the range of Pipilo m. montanus as given in the Check-List, and 
if the former is to be relegated to synonymy it should, according to this treat- 
ment, be placed with montanus. There is, however, no difficulty whatever in 
distinguishing these two forms. 
Ihe conclusion in the Sixteenth Supplement, though illogical when taken 
in connection with the treatment all the related subspecies are accorded in the 
Check-List, is really nearer the truth of the matter, in that curtatus actually is 
in some respects more nearly like arcticus than montanus. 
Through the courtesy of Dr. Louis B. Bishop I have been privileged to 
borrow from his collection a series of eleven specimens of P. m. arcticus, all 
breeding adults, including four males and three females from southeastern Sas- 
katchewan and Alberta and thus practically topotypes of the subspecies. 
Comparison of these birds with the available series of curtatus gives the 
following results : The males of the two subspecies are very closely similar. In 
