120 
THE CONDOR 
Vol. XVI 
Being situated here at a watering place, we Santa Barbarans are perhaps in a 
position to realize clearly what recent zoonomers have evidently overlooked ; 
viz., that this third class has arisen in human society, and that it has received 
its designation. Hereabouts we have two or three scores of families, each of 
wliich owns two homes, one in Santa Barbara, and the other in Chicago or New 
York or Boston, as the case may he. These spend habitually from three to 
six of the Avinter months ivith us, and we call them winter residents. Similarly 
a feiv families resident in Pasadena or Bakersfield, or Fresno, or elsewhere in 
the heated interior, maintain separate establishments on the coast, to ivhich 
they resort for two or three months in summer, and we call such summer resi- 
dents. Winter visitors we have also, of course, shoals of them, spending a 
Aveek or tAvo at the Potter, or a month with friends in Montecito, — here today 
and gone tomorrow ; Santa Barbara this year and Ceylon the next. 
It is a travesty on current usage to call the Gambel Sparrow, which spends 
five or six months Avith us, a “winter Ausitant’’, and to place him thereby in 
the same category with the Pacific Fulmar and Baird Cormorant and Glaucous 
Gull, Avhich are occasionally seen in Avinter; or Avith the Blue-fronted Jay, 
Avhieh pays us strict visits. And it is grossly inappropriate to call any breed- 
ing bird a “visitant” in its breeding home. Imperfect our human terms may 
he, but let us minimize their imperfection rather than parade our griefs and 
invite the scorn of those Avho speak a living language. The terms “summer 
resident” and “Avinter resident” are, in my opinion, much more accurate than 
the proposed substitutes, and they assuredly do conform to current usage. 
Santa Barbara, California, January 8, igi 4 . 
A CHANGE IN FAUNA 
By FAYRE KBNAGY 
T he changes in faunas so rapidly developing in certain regions in the 
Avest, have a peculiar interest for me. They take place Avith especial 
rapidity on irrigation projects, as the result of altered conditions, and 
desert surroundings are often completely changed in tAVO or three years. The 
locality I have been especially interested in is the Minidoka project, in south- 
ern Idaho, containing about eighty thousand acres and bisected by the Snake 
River. This last feature makes it doubly interesting, as affording contrast 
lietAveen the changes in the uplands and those along the stream. As there is 
so great a difference betAveen the two I Avill mention each separately. 
I came to this region in 1907, before the Avater Avas turned into the canals, 
and have resided here permanently since. Thus I haA^e had an excellent oppor- 
tunity to note the changes Avhich have taken place. The country Avas origin- 
ally sandy, and heavily covered Avith sage-brush. There were fewer than fif- 
teen summer residents, the riA^er belt excluded, nearly all of them typical of a 
dry region. Sage Grouse, Sage Thrasher, Burrowing OavI, Rough-legged 
llaAvk, Prairie Falcon, Dusky Horned Lark, and Sage SparroAV Avere by far the 
most common. As the farmers cleared their land, the Grouse, Sage Thrasher, 
and Sage Sparrow were deprived of their natural haunts. The Grouse be- 
came rare ; the SparroAV and Thrasher are now found on the edges of the pro- 
ject, and on state land that has remained uncleared. But this is not the case 
