34 
APEIlTUllES IN UNIVALVES. 
Patulous, when the aperture is openly ex- 
panded, dilated or funnel-shaped, as in 
IT(>li,r pulr/i('n<i Miill. 
Fic. 81. — Example: Helix pulchclla IMiiller X 8, Kensington, Ilerk.shire, collected by 
Mr. W. Whitwell, F.L.S. 
Sinuous, when the outer margin is indented or 
sinuate in one or more places, as in Vertigo 
antivertigo (Drap.), Vertigo angustior Jeft’r., 
etc. 
Fig. 82. — Example : I'ertig-o aniivertigo (Drap.) X 20, Hemsworth Dam, Yorkshire, 
collected by Mr. C. Ashford. 
Reflected, Retuse, or Revolute, when the 
margin is folded or turned backwards, as in 
Lininau peregra var. labiosa Jeffreys. 
Fig. 83. — Example: Limna'a peregra var. labiosa Greenhcad Park, Huddersfield, 
collected by Mr. J. Whitwham. 
Inflected, or Involute, when the margin 
is folded or turned inwards, as in Lininau 
auricalaria var. gihhosa Taylor. 
Fig. 81. — ICxample: Linimva aitricularia \Zi.T. gibbosa Taylor, pond, Moortown, near 
Leeds. 
Deflected, when the aperture is bent down- 
wards from tlie spiral line of coiling on 
the approach of maturity, as in Helix 
itala L., Helix nemoralis L., etc. 
Fig. 85. — Example : Helix itala L., Tenby, S. Wales, collected by Mr. W. H. Boland. 
Dentate, when furnished with internal teeth 
or projections, as in Pupa muscorum (L.), 
Caryehium minimum Mull., etc. 
Fig. 86. — Example : Carychimn Jiiinimuf/i Mnller X 16, Ceunant, near Welshpool, 
collected by Mr. J. Bickerton Morgan. 
