CLASSIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE. 
13 
may be, in such order as appears to us to do the least violence to 
their natural relationships, and cannot reasonably stigmatize as in- 
correct or unscientific, as is so often done, a different arrangement, in 
which other characters are allowed to have more weight than we 
personally are disposed to give them. 
LITERATURE. 
Adams, H. & A. — The Genera of Recent Mollnsca, arranged according to 
their Organization, 1853 — 8. 
Chenn, J. C. — Manuel de Conchyliologie et de Paleontologie Conchylio- 
logicpie, Paris, 1859 — 62. 
Clessin, S.— Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium, 1881. 
Dali, W. H. — On the Hinge of Pelecypods, and its development, with an 
attempt at a better subdivision of the group. — Amer. Journ. of Science, 
Vol. xxxviii, pp. 445 — 462. 
■ Fischer, P. — Manuel de Conchyliologie et de Paleontologie Conchylio- 
logique, Paris, 1883 — 7. 
Gegenbaur, C. — Comparative Anatomy, 1878, pp. 316 — 317. 
Gill, Theodore. — Arrangement of the Families of Mollusca. — Smithsonian 
Miscellaneous Collections, 1873. 
Gioli, G. — I Lamellibranchi e la Sistematica in Paleontologia. — Bull. Soc. 
Mai. Ital. xiv, pp. 101 — 143. 
Grobben, C. — Das System d. Lamellibranchiaten. — Zoologischer Anzeiger, 
vol. XV, pp. 171 — 375, 1892. 
Ihering, H. von. — Versuch eines naturlichen Systemes der Mollusken. — 
Jahrbucher d. Deutschen IMalakozoologischen Gesellschaft, Apl. 1876, 
pp. 97 — 148. 
Lankester, E. Ray. — Art. Mollusca. — Encyclopu'dia Britannica, ix. edit. , 
part 64, pp. 632 — 695, 1884. 
Morch, 0. A. L. — On the Systematic Value of the Organs which have 
been Employed as Fundamental Characters in the Classification of the 
Mollusca. — ^Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xvi, pp. 385 — 396, 1865. 
Morse, E. S. — Classification of the Mollusca based on the Principle of 
Cephalization. — Boston, 1865. 
Neumayr, M. — Z. Morphol. d. Bivalven-Schlosses. — Sitzgsber. d. Kais. 
Acad. d. Wissenseh. in M'ien, 1883. 
Pelseneer, P. — Introduction a I’Etude des Mollusques. — Mem. Soc. Royal 
Malac. de Belgique, 1892. 
Simrotli, Dr. H. — Dr. Bronn’s Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reich.s, 
Weichthiere, 1894 (still in progre.ss). 
Troschel. F. H. — Das Gebiss der Sclinecken zur Begrundung einer natur- 
liehen Classification, 1856 — 1879. 
Tryon, G. Mk, jr. — Structural and Systematic Conehology, 1882. 
M'ood-Mason, J. — Proe. Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1882, pp. 61 — 64. 
' M'oodward, S. P. — Manual of tlie Mollusca, 1880. 
N OMENCLATURE. 
Tlie universal acceptance of the binomial system of nomenclature, 
by the scientists of all countries, by which practice two names, a 
generic and a specific one are applied to every distinct species — exactly 
equivalent to the use among mankind of the Christian name and sur- 
name — tlie generic name indicating the group to which the species 
