INDEX. 
4.51 
Podial ridge 45. 
Podium 45, 192. 
Poikilothermic 157. 
Polar globules 378. 
Polyblast (see Morula). 
Pol3'chromic colouring 85, pi. ii. , f. 8, 9. 
Polyperistomatism 120, causes of 130, 
in Limna-a peregra and Unio tinnid- 
us 120. 
Polyplacognatha 2.30, character 251. 
Polystomatism 119, causes of 119. 
Portal circulation 156, 289. 
Post-tertiai-y, fossils IfH, strata Ifllf. 
Posterior, adductor 346, chamber in 
bivalves 4'>-, crest 43, margin in 
bivalves 36, pedal retractor in pele- 
cypod 183, 347, sinus 44. 
Postero-lateral teeth 46. 
Posteriorly' produced bivalve 39. 
Posteriorly' truncate bivalve 40, 53. 
Precordial gland (see Nephridia). 
Premature atrophy of banding 100. 
Preparation of buccal armature 272. 
Primary, period 404, shell 323, ureter 
335. 
Primitive banding of Helices 101. 
Prionodesmacea 46. 
Prismatic shell layer and secretion of 21 
Prociyptic colouring 87. 
Prodissoconch 333. 
Pronephros 336, in pelecypods 337, in 
streptoneura 337. 
Propodium 193. 
Prosoma 135, 185. 
Prosogy'i-ate shells 110. 
Prostate, section 360. 
Prostomium 186. 
Protective, organs 123, 124, 126, 127, 
resemblance 330. 
Proterandiy I4I, 351. 
Proterogyny 351. 
Protocerebron 217. 
Protoconch 333. 
Protogona 395, distribution pi. iv., 
sexual organs 406. 
Protopelecypod, circulatory' sy'stem 
Protostracum 333. 
Protractors 359, anterior in Anodonta 
182, lateral buccal protractors in 
Cyclostoma 247. 
Pseudo-dextral coiling 113. 
Pseudo-lamellibranchia 302. 
Pseudopodia 34O. 
Pseudo-striate muscle-fibre 341. 
Pubescent shells 27. 
Pulmonary cavity, diagi'am showing 
position of 145, Helix aspersa 8, 
Umax jlavus 304. 
Pulmonata, azygobranchia <?, euthy'- 
neura 8, radular sac, section 257. 
Pulsations of heart 296, diurnal range 
1.57, 299, influence of age 297, of 
exei-cise 297, of shell injury' 297, of 
temperature 157, 297. 
Pupa, odours from 230. 
Pupa cmglica, apertural armature in 
young 67. 
Pupa cylindracea, embryonal sculp- 
tm-e 72, mandible 255. 
Pupa muscorum, aperture 34, labiate 35 
V. elongata 24. 
— secede 66, aperture 35. 
V. edcntula 66. 
Pycnoglossa 270, formula of 270. 
Pycnognatha 25.3, 254. 
Pyriform aperture 33. 
Quadrate teeth 269. 
Quadrimaxillate (see Tetragnatha). 
Race, defined .59. 
Kachidian area 260. 
Rachis 260. 
Radiate markings in bivalves .30. 
Radula (see Odontophore). 
Radula, sac 2.56, section 2.37. 
Radular membrane 260. 
Rectatheca 284. 
Rectum 283. 
Reflected aperture 34, cause of 66. 
Red crag 414- 
Reizkorper 364, 365. 
Renal organs (see Nephridia). 
Reniform bivalves 40, 52. 
Repairs of shell 23. 
Reproduction I4I, 372. 
Reproductive system I4I, 350, oi arche- 
ty'pe 143, Auodonta 183, Helix 160. 
Reptary foot 195. 
Respiration 139, 300, function of 301, 
Umax maximus 306, Limneea auri- 
cularia 306, L. peregra 199, 306, 
Planorbis corneus 305, 306, Unio 
pictorum 303. 
Respiratory, cavity, position in Helix 
145, 204, in Umax 204, structure in 
Helixas persa 8, Umax Jlavus 304. 
Respiratory, currents in Umax maxi- 
mus 306, Unio pictorum 303, orifice 
283, siphon 199, 200. 
Reticulate sculpture 28. 
Retinophores 232. 
Retinules 232. 
Retractile tentacles 187. 
Retractors 259, anterior pedal of Ano- 
dontal82, 347, buccal45<9, 159,byssal 
347, cephalic 342, columellar 158, 
1.59, gastropods 342, pelecypoda 346, 
347, orbicular 181, penial 1.58, 343, 
344, posterior pedal in Anodonta 
182, 183, 347, .siphonal 181, tenta- 
cular 342. 
Retuse 34. 
“Reversed spiral,” intestinal canal 282 
Revolute 34. 
Rhinophore 226, Cyclostoma elegans 
226, Helix pomatia 150. 
