454 
INDEX. 
Unibonal sculpture, Anodonta anct- 
tina 72, Helix arulcata 72, Pujm 
ct/lindmcca 72, U»io piefonnn 72, 
fmnidus 42, 72. 
Umbones 42, appendages of, in Pisi- 
diuni liOfilournttim 42, 73, 110. 
Unciiii 261. 
Unionidtv as food 4.26. 
Unio, section of shell 21, 37, embryos 
par.asitic on gills of perch 38.3. 
Unio margaritifer, locomotion 350, 
vision 2.17. 
V. sinuata, form 40, 52. 
U nio jnctoruni 9, axis cylinder of vis- 
ceral ganglion cells 210, cerebral 
ganglion cells 1.38, form 39, 53, 
gonial ridge 45, odonr from 230, 
jiedal ganglion cells 138,218, respira- 
tory currents 303, visceral ganglion 
cells 138, 220, vision 235. 
V. eoin/nrssa 63, v. pUdtjvhyn- 
choidca 53, 63. 
Unio tnmidus 106, form 62, hinge teeth 
46, malformed 106, polyi)eristomate 
120, umbonal sculpture 42, 72. 
V. ova/i.'i 64. 
Unipolar ganglion cells 210. 
Univalve 23. 
Unstriated, jaw 255, muscles 341. 
Upper margin of bivalves 36. 
Urea I40, 179, 333. 
Ureter, Anodonta 178, 179, 335, deve- 
lo))ment 3.36, primary 335, 336, 
secondary 336. 
Uiic acid 140, 1.58, 170, 3.27, 333, 338. 
Uses, in augury 434^ fis bait 331, in 
button-making 429, .as cement ^30, 
colour-receptacles 4-29, cream-skim- 
mers 423, drinking vessels 429, in 
fertilization of flowers 430, as food 
for fish 430, as food for sheej) 430, 
manure 430, as medicine 427, as 
money 431, for i)ersonal decoration 
431, ks pigment 430, as polishing 
powder 429, as jjorridge spoons 420. 
Uterus .363, of Helix 160, 161. 
Vagina 364, glands of 364. 
Valvata eristetta 25, egg capsules 377. 
Valmda jnscinalis 7, aperture 3.3, 
cephalic region 189, cleft foot 194, 
operculum 126, penis 189,362, sexual 
organs 355. 
Variation, of banding 96, in shell .sub- 
stance 76, causes 76. 
Varicose sculpture 28, causes 69. 
Varico.sity, causes of 28, 69, Helix 
arbrntoriim 69, Helix nemoredis 69, 
Linimca glabra 69, L. stagnalu 28, 
69, V. fragilh-variegata 83, v. vetrie- 
gata 28, 69, Planorbis spiirorbis 69. 
Varieties, defined 5<?, nomenclature 60. 
Vas deferens 360, of Helix 160, 161. 
Vascular system (see Circulatory). 
V eins 294- 
Veliger stage of development 382. 
Velletia laeustris, arrangement of 
teeth-rows 262, peiiodicity 391. 
Velum 382. 
Vena-cava 175, 178, 294, 335. 
Venous, intestin.al plexus 28.3, sinus 
Helix 294, .system in H. aspersa 156. 
Ventral, crest 38, 49, gland 196, SI4, 
315, margin 36, region (see Pedal). 
Ventricle, Anodonta cygnea 174, 290, 
Patella 291. 
Vertigo alpestris 86, pi. ii. , f. 1.3. 
Vertigo antivertigo, aperture 31, 34. 
Vertigo angustior 34- 
Vertigo edentula v. elongata 24. 
Vertigo mimdissima, dentate 66. 
Vestigial foot 195. 
^'ibracles 187. 
Visceral, g.anglia 757, 148, 169, 212, 219, 
220, axis of cells 210, cells of 1.38, 
210, nerve-cord, torsion of 221, re- 
gion (see ]3ody region). 
Vitrinct pellnrida, pallial growth 202. 
V. dcpressinscida 26, pi. ii. ,f. 12. 
Vivipara, ctenidium 8, development of 
381, nervous system 7, penostracal 
hairs 74, trochosphere of 381. 
Vivipara contecta, operculum 126, 
' periostracal hairs 75, vision of 237. 
Vivipara vivipara, cephalic eyes 2.31, 
ceph.alic lobes 193, cephalic region 
and tentacles 189, form 24, hypo- 
branchial gland .320, odontopliore 
265, odontophoral formula 265, ri- 
mate 29, section of hypobranchial 
gland 320, dimorphic spermatozoa 
375, eyes 231, gastrula 381, pedal 
nerves 218, tactile cells 244. 
Volume of water and temperature 
curve of Limneea stngnalis 82. 
Volume of water and size curve of 
Limneea stagnalis 80, 81. 
Voluntary muscles 341. 
West province, British Isles 403, pi. vi. 
Weahlen, fossils 409, strata 409. 
Whorls, of shell 26, striation of 27. 
Widely umbilicate univalve 29. 
Wolflian bodies (see Pronephros). 
Xanthism 94, pi. ii., fi^. 11. 
Xanthochroism 95, pi. i., f. 1. 
Zonal markings in bivalves 51. 
Zygobranchiata, defined 7. 
Zeugoglossa 270, formula 270. 
Zonitoides excavata, coronal glands 
370, gypsobelum in situ .363, 370, 
penis 363, sexual organs 363, 370, 371. 
Zig-zag markings in bivalves 50. 
Zua hibrica, sarcobelum 365, .sexual 
organs 356. 
Zygoneury 223. 
