356 
THE MEDITERRANEAN NATURALIST 
1876. Fuchs, Th. ‘Ueber den sogenannten Badrier 
Tegel auf Malta.’ Sitzungsber. d. k. k. Akad. 
d. Wissensch. Wien, vol. LXXIII, p. 67. 
1879. Adams, A. L. ‘On Remains of Mastodon and 
other Vertebrata of the Miocene Beds of the 
Maltese Islands.’ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 
vol. XXXV. pp. 517-530. 
1890. Murray, John. ‘The Maltese Islands, with 
special reference to their Geological Structure.’ 
Scot. Geogr. Mag. vol. VI. p. 449. 
1891. Cooke, J. H. ‘Notes on the Pleistocene Beds 
of Gozo.’ Geol. Mag. for 1891 p. 348. 
1891. Gregory, J. W. 'The Maltese Fossil Echinoi- 
dea and their Evidence on the Correlation of 
the Maltese Socks’. Trans. Roy. Sac. Eain. 
vol. XXXVI. p. 585. 
Physical Feat r res and General Distribution 
of the Strata. 
The Maltese Marls and Clays occupy the third 
place both in the ascending and tie descending 
order of the Maltese formations. The following 
table shows the order in which the beds occur, 
as well as the relation that they bear to the c n- 
tinental deposits. 
Tabular Summary of the Maltese Socls and their Equivalents in the Vienna Er<in. 
The Maltese Islands. 
Vienna 
Basin. 
No. 
Formation. 
Upper Coral. Limestone 
Greensands 
Clays 
Globigerina- limestone 
Lower Coral. Limestone 
Thickness. 
250 feet. 
50 feet. 
30 feet. 
200 feet. 
500 feet? 
Subdivisions. 
fa. Compact white Limestone, of j 
I a breccialike texture. 
1.6. Soft, porous, red Limestone. J 
{ 2 : 
it 
r 
1 , 
i Leithakalk. 
Compact yellow Sandstone. i 
Friable black Sandstone. I 
Yellow Clay. 1 
Blue Clay and Marl. 
Upper Globigerina - limestoue 
(variously coloured beds of 
freestone, interstratified with 
from three to six nodule-band). 
Lower Globifferina-l imestone. j 
Semi-crystalline Limestone. f 
Non-crystalline Limestone. J 
G Hinder 
Schichten. 
Schlier. ' 
Horner 
Schichten. 
Solszka 
Schichten. 
Series. 
Torton. 
Helvet. 
Langhian 
Aquit. 
The formation known as the ‘Clays’ consists of 
marls and clays varying considerably in their 
lithological characters as well as in their distri- 
bution. It lies conformably between the Globige- 
riha-limestone and a Greensand formation, but so 
obscure is the line of demarcation between it and 
the Globigerina-lhnestoTiQ and so striking are the 
resemblances of the fossil fauna of each, that we 
seem to be justified in considering the Clay as 
being merely an argillaceous division of the for- 
mation upon which it rests. 
In Malta the formation is developed oidy in the 
northern and north-western districts, where it 
extends over about one third of the total area of 
the island. But in Gozo. where the forces of denu- 
dation have been more actively at work, it i> so 
scattered among the hills and plateaux that its 
aggregated area would not amount to more titan 
one fourth of that of the island in which it occurs 
(see fig. 1 , p, 120). 
In common with all the beds of lie Maltese 
group this formation lias been, then, extensively 
denuded. The remants of the Clays that occur in 
the Dueira Valley, in Gozo, and in the caves, fis- 
sures, gorges and valleys of both islands, show 
that at one time the formation probably extended 
much farther than it does at present, 
