36 
GUIDE TO THE 
{Cotile riparia), and a good many albinoes. The 
American Purple Martin is said to have occurred as 
a straggler in Ireland, In this case are also the 
Orioles, with many tropical species in the Old World, 
though absent from America, but only known in 
Europe from the Golden Oriole {Oriolus galbula), 
and the Pittas and Broadbills. The Pittidae are 
essentially oriental birds, none being found in Europe 
or America, and only one in Africa. They belong 
to the Passeres, but not to the Oscines, to which 
all our English Passeres belong, on account of the 
formation of their vocal organs. The Pittidae are 
very short-tailed, and mostly of brilliant colours. 
They build open nests, and lay white or cream-coloured 
spotted eggs. A similar position in the system is 
taken by the Broadbills (Eurylaemidae), a family only 
found in the oriental region, also of gay colours and 
laying spotted eggs in closed nests hanging on trees. 
A few other tropical families of birds are also 
represented here : the Manakins or Pipridae, peculiar 
to the neotropical region, generally exhibiting rich 
tints of blue, red, orange, yellow, white, black, or 
green ; the Cotingidae (with the Cock of the Rock, 
Bupicold)-, the Campephagidae or Woolbacks of the 
Old World ; and the Dacnididae. 
Bird Case VI. 
On the top are the large Hornbills {Bucerotidae), 
a family inhabiting only the tropical forests of Africa 
