198 EXPRESSION IN THE ANIMAL EYE 
of grey from crest to talons, has oval eyes of the 
deepest black, soft and lustrous, and shaded with 
eyelids and lashes. The result is a change of ex- 
pression to something quite unlike the face of any 
bird, and more human than that of most beasts. 
It is certainly the finest bird-eye yet discovered. 
The eyes of Homer’s goddesses must not be judged 
too literally by the animal model in the standing 
epithets by which he loves to describe them. 
T7iaux(Z7ns ’A6yuv) was the “ bright-eyed ” goddess ; 
and the owl probably had its Greek name from the 
brightness of its eyes. So Hera was ox-eyed — that 
is, with round dark eyes — fine to look at, but if we 
may judge from her character, perhaps equally without 
expression, with those of the animal which they 
resembled. Helen, when restored to Menelaus, and 
playing the part of hostess to Ulysses, artlessly apolo- 
gizes for the trouble which the Greeks had incurred 
on her account, — 
if “ KVV<jJ7TI%OQ e'lVEKCL KOVpy]Q? 
in which the word xuvaumg, “ with dog’s eyes,” may 
be taken to mean what would now be described as 
“ rather a forward young person.” Yet in the recog- 
nition of Ulysses by the old dog Argus, there is a 
feeling for the pathos of animal expression which 
finds adequate interpretation in the beautiful picture 
in which Mr. Briton Riviere has depicted the longing 
look of recognition in the eyes of the dog, and of 
pity in those of the hero, who sees in the first the 
