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1 11E SPEECH OF MONKEYS 
however, that there is a sound meaning “ monkey,” 
because this is uttered when one meets another, or is 
shown its image in a mirror after solitary confinement ; 
and he finds that the shake of the head, by which 
monkeys, like men, signify “ no,” is also accompanied 
by a clucking sound, which he takes for a negation. 
But even if the results of his later experiments are less 
fruitful than might have been anticipated, Professor 
Garner has still good reasons for hope. The phono- 
graph, which alone made it possible to conduct his 
inquiry with scientific accuracy, promises to give aid in 
a new and unexpected quarter. The same invention 
which has rendered possible a permanent record of 
sound, and its reproduction at will, also facilitates its 
analysis or synthesis. One of the main difficulties for 
the human ear in dealing with monkey speech, is its 
extreme rapidity, and the possibility of modulations 
existing which are to us inaudible, but are perfectly 
distinct to the acute Simian perception. By recording 
the monkey notes on the drum, and then spinning the 
machine at a slow rate, the sounds are analyzed, and 
modulations detected, and in a way hitherto im- 
possible. Much is hoped from such analysis of the 
main “ words” of monkey speech, which seem now to 
have different meanings, though the vocal difference 
is indistinguishable. Professor Garner pins his faith 
to the obvious fact that monkeys, like men, have 
tongues, teeth, lips, and all the organs of speech ; 
that they use the organs, and that there is at least a 
probability that a distinction is attached by them to 
