150 
Mackopterous Abdominals.- 
-FISHES.- 
-Galaxidans. 
the tables of the European residents under the appella- 
tion of “ Bombay Ducks,” and may be procured by 
rbat name in London. 
The genus Saurus has evidently received its name 
in allusion to the wide, threatening mouths of the spe- 
cies, well furnished with lizard-like teeth, which are 
Fig 38. 
Brilliant Lamp-fish (Scopelus respleudens). 
long, slender, and often barbed. Its members inhabit 
the Mediterranean and the tropical and subtropical dis- 
tricts of both oceans. The Golpin of Madeira {Alepi- 
saurus of Lowe) has a wide gape, armed with long- 
lancet-, shaped, exceedingly sharp teeth. One small but 
interesting fish is the only member of the family known 
on the British coasts. It is the Pearl- side {Scopelus 
pennanti), and belongs to a genus of nocturnal fishes 
which have soft prominences on the head that shine by 
night like a glow-worm. Since naturalists have begun 
to investigate marine animals with more ardour, and 
the practice of towing small nets after ships has become 
frequent, the Scopeles have been discovered in all parts 
of the ocean. They are very brilliant little fishes, 
ornamented by rows of enchased spots on the sides, 
that look like strings of pearls. 
Family XII. — GALAXIDANS {Galaxidce). 
This small family belongs to the fresh waters of 
Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, the Falklands, and 
Patagonia, and has received from Europeans visiting 
or settling in those countries the name of Trouts. 
The Galaxidans have in fact to the uninstructed eye the 
aspect of the river trout, being similarly spotted on 
the sides ; but they have no scales, and want the adipose 
fin. The premaxillaries do not reach the corner of the 
mouth, but neither does the maxillary form that part 
of the margin of the orifice, a thick fold of the upper 
lip interposing. Strong teeth arm the jaws, some of 
them so much more prominent than the others as to 
obtain the name of canines ; and strong curved ones 
Fig. 39. 
Gag-tootbed Galaxias (Galaxias brocclius). 
exist on the roof of the mouth and on the tongue. 
All the members of the family are comprised in the 
genus Galaxias. 
Family XIII.-IIYODONTS {Hyodontidce). 
This is a group of three genera which Linnaeus 
would have merged in his great genus Clupea^ and 
which, together with the family that immediately 
succeeds it, is still a part of the Clupeoids of some 
more modern ichthyologists. The Ilyodonts have 
compressed bodies ; acutely-keeled bellies ; without ser- 
ratures ; and pancreatic caeca, though few in number. 
Their stomachs are siphonal; and their mouths are 
particularly well armed with teeth on the jaws, vomer, 
palatines, presphenoids, lingual and hyoid bones. They 
